(1. 西南科技大学 环境与资源学院，绵阳 621010；
2. 中钢集团马鞍山矿山研究总院股份有限公司，马鞍山 243000；
3. 西南科技大学 土木工程与建筑学院，绵阳 621010)
摘 要: 以锂辉石浮选尾矿为主要原料，黏土矿物为黏结材料，辅以少量羧甲基纤维素钠提高其生坯强度，通过过氧化氢发泡造孔制备出多孔陶瓷材料。通过正交试验探究各因素对试样各方面性能的影响并用SPSS软件对其进行回归分析。最后结合XRF、XRD、SEM、TG-DSC热分析和光学显微镜观察对多孔陶瓷化学组成、物相组成、微观形貌及烧结过程进行分析。结果表明：高岭土较钠基膨润土更适合作为多孔陶瓷黏结材料，对其物理性能影响最大的两个因素为烧结温度和黏结剂质量分数，其最优烧结温度和高岭土质量分数分别为1150 ℃和10%，此时抗折强度、抗压强度、显气孔率和吸水率分别为2.46MPa、4.93MPa、52.48%和44.96%。高温下长石熔融产生的液相及传质作用的增强应为多孔陶瓷颗粒间发生结合的主要原因。二元线性回归方程拟合结果良好，所制多孔陶瓷气孔率高、吸水率高，在过滤材料、吸附材料、载体和保水砖等领域具有一定的应用潜力。
关键字: 锂辉石；浮选尾矿；多孔陶瓷；黏结材料；多元线性回归
（1. School of Environment and Resources, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China;
2. Sinosteel Ma''anshan General Institute of Mining Research Co., Led., Ma''anshan 243000, China;
3. School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Sichuan 621010, China）
Abstract:With spodumene flotation tailings as the main raw material, clay minerals as bonding materials, supplemented with a small amount of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to improve the strength of sample, porous ceramic materials were prepared by hydrogen peroxide foaming. The effects of various factors on the properties of the samples were investigated by orthogonal test, and the regression analysis was carried out by SPSS software. Finally, the chemical composition, phase composition, microstructure and sintering process of porous ceramics were analyzed by XRD, SEM, TG-DSC and optical microscope. The results show that kaolin is more suitable for porous ceramic bonding material than Na-bentonite, and the two factors that have the greatest influence on its physical properties are sintering temperature and binder mass ratio. The optimum sintering temperature and kaolin mass fraction are 1150 ℃ and 10%, respectively. The flexural strength, compressive strength, apparent porosity and water absorption are 2.46 MPa, 4.93 MPa, 52.48% and 44.96%, respectively. The enhancement of liquid phase and mass transfer caused by feldspar softening at high temperature should be the main reason for the combination of porous ceramic particles. The results of binary linear regression equation fitting are good. The porous ceramics have high porosity and high water absorption. It has a certain application potential in filtration materials, adsorption materials, carriers and water retaining bricks.
Key words: spodumene; flotation tailings; porous ceramics; bonding materials; multiple linear regression
