(1. 江西理工大学 绿色冶金与过程强化研究所，赣州 341000；
2. 广东省资源综合利用研究所，广州 510000；
3. 稀有金属分离与综合利用国家重点实验室，广州 510000；
4. 河南豫光金铅集团有限责任公司，济源 454650)
摘 要: 含铜污泥含有铜、锌、镍、锡、铅等多种有价金属，为了回收其中的有价金属，本研究提出了“碳热还原焙烧-低碳氧化还原精炼”创新工艺。首先通过碳热还原焙烧将锌、锡、铅等有价金属挥发入烟气得以回收，在还原温度为1473 K，碳含量为20%，反应时间为60 min的条件下，铅、锡和锌的脱除率分别达到90.77%、95.14%和99.92%。然后通过低碳氧化还原精炼，在氧化温度为1573 K，加入SiO2量为6%，反应时间为180 min条件下，可得到适用于建筑材料的水淬渣，最后在还原温度为1473 K，碳加入量为8%，反应时间为20 min，将铜、镍富集于阳极铜板中，阳极板中铜含量可达98%以上，符合铜电解的要求。本研究实现有价金属的全回收，较现有的含铜污泥处理工艺，具有流程短，能耗低，有价金属回收率高，经济环保等显著优点。
关键字: 含铜污泥；碳热还原焙烧；黑铜；低碳氧化还原精炼；水淬渣；阳极铜
（1. Institute of Green Metallurgy and Process Intensification, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China;
2. Guangdong Institute of Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Guangzhou 510000, China;
3. State Key Laboratory of Rare Metals Separation and Comprehensive Utilization, Guangzhou 510000, China;
4. Henan Yuguang Gold and Lead Group Co., Ltd., Jiyuan, 454650, China）
Abstract:This paper proposes an innovative “carbothermal reduction roasting-low carbon redox refining” process for recovering valuable metals including copper, zinc, nickel, tin and lead from copper-containing sludge. First, valuable metals are volatilized into the flue gas by carbothermal reduction roasting. At a reduction temperature of 1473 K, a carbon content of 20%, and for a reaction time of 60 min, the ratio of Pb, Sn and Zn removal reached 90.77%, 95.14% and 99.92%, respectively. At an oxidation temperature of 1573 K, a SiO2 content of 6% and a reaction time of 180 min, a water quenching slag suitable for building materials was obtained by low-carbon oxidation reduction refining. Finally, at a reduction temperature of 1473 K, 8% C addition, and a reaction time of 20 min, copper and nickel were enriched on an anode copper plate and the copper content reached more than 98%, meeting the requirements for copper electrolysis. This study realizes the full recovery of valuable metals. Compared with the existing copper-containing sludge treatment process, it has the obvious advantages of short process, low energy consumption, high recovery rate of valuable metals, economy and environmental protection.
Key words: copper-containing sludge; carbothermal reduction roasting; black copper; low carbon redox refining; water quenching slag; anode copper
