(1. 北京科技大学 金属矿山高效开采与安全教育部重点实验室，北京 100083；
2. 北京科技大学 土木与资源工程学院，北京 100083；
3. 鞍钢集团 矿山设计研究院，鞍山 114002)
摘 要: 针对鞍钢矿山较细全尾砂絮凝沉降存在底流浓度低和沉降速度慢等问题，通过选择及优化絮凝沉降参数来提高絮凝沉降效果。首先对全尾砂和絮凝剂等试验材料进行物化分析，并在此基础上进行絮凝剂优选试验，确定了絮凝剂类型；其次采用Design-Expert软件中Box-Behnken响应面法(RSM-BBD)设计并进行了13组试验，根据试验结果建立响应面回归模型，研究各因素及其交互作用对全尾砂絮凝沉降的影响，并在此基础上采用多目标规划来优化全尾砂浆浓度、絮凝剂单耗、絮凝剂溶液浓度等参数的配比。结果表明：全尾砂絮凝沉降不仅受单一因素的影响，而且受多因素交互作用影响；最优参数配比为全尾砂浆浓度19.79%、絮凝剂单耗37 g/t、絮凝剂溶液浓度0.2%。以此参数进行验证试验，得到底流浓度为69.55%、沉降速度为10.39 m/h，均满足要求。最后对全尾砂絮凝沉降机理进行分析，为全尾砂絮凝沉降参数设计及优化控制提供理论支撑。
关键字: 充填采矿法；全尾砂；BBD响应面法；絮凝沉降；多目标优化；絮凝沉降机理
（1. Key Laboratory of High Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mine, Ministry of Education, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China;
2. School of Civil and Resource Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China;
3. Design and Research Institute of Angang Mine, Anshan 114002, China）
Abstract:In view of the problems of low bottom flow concentration and slow settling speed in the flocculation settling of finer whole tailings in Angang mine, the flocculation settling effect was improved by selecting and optimizing flocculation settling parameters. Firstly, the physicochemical analysis of test materials, such as total tailings and flocculants, were carried out, and the flocculants were optimized on the basis, of which the flocculants types were determined. Secondly, 13 groups of tests were designed and carried out by Box-Behnken Response Surface Method (RSM-BBD) in Design-Expert software. Based on the test results, the response surface regression model was established, and the various factors and their interaction were studied for flocculation and sedimentation of total tailings. On this basis, the multi-objective programming was used to optimize the proportion of parameters, such as the total tailings mortar concentration(TTMC), the flocculant unit consumption(FUC)and the flocculant solution concentration(FSC). The results show that the flocculation settling of the total tailings is affected not only by single factor, but also by interaction of multiple factors. The optimum parameters are 19.79% of the TTMC, 37 g/t of the FUC and 0.2% of the FSC. The validation test with these parameters show that the underflow concentration(UC) is 69.55% and the settling velocity(SV) is 10.39 m/h, which meet the requirements. Finally, the mechanism of the total tailings flocculation settling is analyzed, which provides theoretical support for the design and optimization control of the whole tailings flocculation settling parameters.
Key words: filling mining method; total tailings; RSM-BBD; flocculation sedimentation; multi-objective optimization; flocculation sedimentation mechanism
