(1. 东北大学 材料电磁过程研究教育部重点实验室，沈阳 110819；
2. 东北大学 材料科学与工程学院，沈阳 110819)
摘 要: 研究终锻温度(120~450 ℃)对高纯铜组织及硬度的影响。结果表明：6道次锻造后，高纯铜试样心部均出现一个“X”形的细晶区。终锻温度为380 ℃和450 ℃时，试样发生再结晶，晶粒尺寸由边部向心部逐渐减小，晶粒呈等轴晶状、存在大量孪晶，终锻温度变化对相同部位晶粒尺寸影响不大。终锻温度270 ℃试样的组织为变形组织，由边部向心部逐渐变细，心部晶粒拉长，晶界模糊，孪晶消失；终锻温度为120 ℃试样的变形组织进一步破碎细化。终锻温度为380 ℃和450 ℃时，终锻温度对硬度影响不大，试样沿竖直中线方向硬度在60 HV至70 HV间波动。终锻温度为270 ℃和120 ℃时，试样硬度值沿竖直中线呈“拱”形分布，中心高、边部低。终锻温度由270 ℃降至120 ℃时，试样心部硬度由113 HV升至134 HV，表面附近的硬度由75 HV升至102 HV。
关键字: 多向锻造；高纯铜；变形组织；硬度；再结晶
（1. Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Processing of Materials, Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China;
2. College of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China）
Abstract:The effect of final forging temperature (120-450 ℃) on the microstructure and hardness of high purity copper was studied. The results show that after 6 passes of forging, an “X”-shaped fine-grained zone appears in the center of the high-purity copper sample. When the final forging temperature are 380 ℃ and 450 ℃, the dynamic re-crystallization (DRX)occurs on the whole sample, the grain size gradually decreases from the edge to the center, the recrystallized grain presents as equiaxed and composed many twins. The change of final forged temperature has little effect on the grain size in the same position of the sample. The structure of the sample with final forging temperature of 270 ℃ is character as deformed structure. The deformed structure is tapered from the edge to the center, grains in the center area are elongated along horizontal direction, and the twins disappear. When the final forging temperature is 120 ℃, the deformed structure of the part is further broken and refined. When the final forging temperature is higher than 450 ℃, the final forging temperature has little effect on the hardness, and the hardness along the vertical midline of the two specimen is between 60 HV and 70 HV. When the final forging temperature is lower than 270 ℃, hardness distribution along the vertical midline shows as “arch” shape, and the hardness continuously decreases from the edge to the center. When the final forging temperature decreases from 270 ℃ to 120 ℃, the hardness on the center area of the sample increases from 113 HV to 134 HV, and the hardness on the surface area increases from 75 HV to 102 HV.
Key words: multi-directional forging; high purity copper; deformed structure; hardness; re-crystallize
