(东北大学 冶金学院，沈阳 110819)
摘 要: 钒是重要的战略资源，目前主要是从钒钛磁铁矿经“高炉冶炼-转炉吹钒”工艺所得钒渣中采用湿法冶金提取，其中萃取方法应用最多。本文研究以N-辛基吡啶类离子液体为萃取剂，正戊醇为稀释剂，采用溶剂萃取法考察萃取分离V(Ⅴ)的影响因素，包括温度、时间以及溶液pH并对其萃取机理进行研究。结果表明：在[OPy]Cl和[OPy][BF4]萃取V(Ⅴ)最适宜的条件下，即萃取时间分别为60 s和40 s、pH=2.957~8.029、温度为25 ℃时，两者的V(Ⅴ)萃取率分别达到95.42%和93.52%；结合离子选择性电极法、斜率法、紫外-可见光谱分析、红外光谱分析等方法研究并确定了N-辛基吡啶类离子液体萃取V(Ⅴ)的机理为阴离子交换。
关键字: 钒渣水浸液；N-辛基吡啶类离子液体；萃取机理
（School of Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China）
Abstract:Vanadium is a vitally important strategic resource. At present, the main method to recover vanadium from vanadium slag which obtains from “blast furnace smelting-converter blowing vanadium” process of vanadium-titanium magnetite is hydrometallurgical technology, and the most applied method is solvent extraction. The study was designed to extract V(Ⅴ) from vanadium slag leaching solution by solvent extraction using N-Octylpyridine ionic liquids as extractant and 1-pentanol as diluent. Different parameters affecting the extraction process such as extraction temperature, equilibrium time and extraction pH were investigated. The extraction mechanism was also studied. The results show that under the optimal conditions of pH 2.957-8.029 and 25 ℃, the maxmium extraction rate reaches 95.42% with [OPy]Cl after 60 s and 93.52% with [OPy][BF4] after 40 s, respectively. Furthermore, based on the methods of ion selective electrode, slope analysis, ultraviolet-visible spectrum and infrared spectrum analysis, the mechanism of extraction is determined as anion exchange.
Key words: vanadium slag leaching solution; N-Octylpyridine ionic liquids; extraction mechanism
