(1. 广东省科学院 广东省材料与加工研究所，广州 510650；
2. 国家钛及稀有金属粉末冶金工程技术研究中心，广州 510650)
摘 要: 采用无压浸渗工艺制备了铸造碳化钨颗粒增强PDC钻头胎体材料，胎体材料组织均匀，胎体中碳化钨颗粒完整，碳化钨颗粒与铜合金基体形成均匀扩散层。重点研究了PDC钻头胎体的三体磨料磨损行为和磨损机理。结果表明：铸造碳化钨颗粒形貌是影响PDC钻头胎体三体磨料磨损行为的主要因素。相对于破碎铸造碳化钨，球形碳化钨内部微裂纹少且无应力集中，具有耐磨增效作用，可显著提高PDC钻头胎体材料的三体磨损性能。球形碳化钨颗粒增强PDC钻头胎体的相对耐磨性是破碎碳化钨颗粒增强PDC钻头胎体的10倍。破碎碳化钨颗粒增强PDC钻头胎体的磨损表面呈现大量铜合金基体犁沟，多角状碳化钨颗粒被磨损变圆滑；而球形碳化钨颗粒增强PDC钻头胎体的磨损表面碳化钨颗粒突出林立，少量碳化钨颗粒被折断或发生破裂。
关键字: PDC钻头；铸造碳化钨；无压浸渗；三体磨料磨损
（1. Guangdong Institute of Materials and Processing, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China;
2. National Engineering Research Center of Powder Metallurgy of Titanium＆Rare Metals, Guangzhou 510650, China）
Abstract:Cast tungsten carbide particles reinforced PDC drill bit matrix was prepared by pressureless infiltration. The bit matrix showed a microstructure where the cast tungsten carbide particles were dispersed homogeneously in the Cu alloy. The tungsten carbide particles remained intact and formed a uniform diffusion layer with the Cu alloy matrix. The three-body abrasive wear behavior and wear mechanism of the PDC drill bit matrix were investigated. The results show that the morphology of cast tungsten carbide particles is the main factor affecting the three-body abrasive wear behavior of PDC drill bit matrix. Compared with the crushed cast tungsten carbide, fewer internal micro-cracks and no stress concentration are found in the spherical tungsten carbide, which has an increase effectiveness to resist wear and significantly improves the three-body wear performance of PDC drill bit matrix. The wear resistance of PDC drill bit matrix reinforced by spherical tungsten carbide particles is 10 times of that of PDC drill bit matrix reinforced by crushed tungsten carbide particles. The worn surface of the PDC drill bit matrix reinforced by crushed tungsten carbide particles shows furrowed Cu alloy with worn tungsten carbide particles. Whereas, on the worn surface of PDC drill bit matrix reinforced by spherical tungsten carbide particles, the tungsten carbide particles stand out and a small number of them are broken.
Key words: PDC drill bit; cast tungsten carbide; pressureless infiltration; three-body abrasive wear
