(1. 北京科技大学 金属矿山高效开采与安全教育部重点实验室，北京 100083；
2 北京联合大学 北京市信息服务工程重点实验室，北京 100101；
3. 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司，北京 100038)
摘 要: 为提高全尾砂料浆浓密沉降效果，降低脱水浓缩成本，将声波引入全尾砂浓密沉降试验中，探究声波对全尾砂料浆浓密沉降影响。利用清水与全尾砂料浆对比声压分布规律试验预选出合适的声波频率和功率，进而运用控制变量法，对声波作用参数进行优选，分析不同条件下全尾砂浓密沉降速度和底流浓度变化规律，探索声波在全尾砂料浆浓密沉降中的作用机理。结果表明：相同点的声压在全尾砂料浆中为70%的清水中声压值；当声波频率为100 Hz，功率为8 W，施加时刻为15 min时为最优作用条件，与自由沉降和絮凝沉降(单耗20 g/t、0.2%絮凝剂溶液浓度)相比，沉降速度分别提高了56.759%和0.801%，底流浓度分别提高了2.54%和6.302%；在合适的声场条件下，声波可明显提高全尾砂料浆沉降速度和底流浓度。
关键字: 充填采矿；全尾砂；声波；浓密沉降；声波机理
（1. Key Laboratory of High-Efficient Mining and Safe of Metal, Ministry of Education, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China;
2. Beijing Key Laboratory of Information Service Engineering, Beijing Union University, Beijing 100101, China
3. China Enfi Engineering Corporation, Beijing 100038, China）
Abstract:The high-concentration filling of the unclassified tailings is the main development trend of the current back-fill mining, and how to accelerate the rapid precipitation and dewatering of fine grains in sand silos to obtain high concentration tailings mortar is the key technology. In order to improve the effect of thickening sedimentation of unclassified tailings slurry(UTS) and reduce the expense of dewatering, the acoustic wave was introduced into the thickening sedimentation experiment of UTS. The effect of acoustic wave on the thickening sedimentation of UTS was explored. The acoustic wave frequency and power were pre-selected by comparing the sound pressure distribution laws between clear water and the UTS. And then, the acoustic wave parameters were optimized by the control variable method. Furthermore, the variation laws of sedimentation velocity and mass fraction of underflow of UTS were analyzed under different conditions, and their acoustic wave mechanism was discussed. The results show that the sound pressure in UTS is equivalent to 70% of the sound pressure value in clean water at the same point. Thickening sedimentation has the best effect when the acoustic wave frequency is 100 Hz, the power is 8 W, and the application time is 15 min. Compared with free sedimentation and flocculation sedimentation (Flocculant unit consumption of 20 g/t, Flocculant solution concentration of 0.2%), the sedimentation velocity is increased by 56.759% and 0.801%, respectively, and the underflow concentration is increased by 2.54% and 6.302%, respectively. Therefore, acoustic wave is capable of improving the sedimentation velocity and mass fraction of underflow under the condition of suitable sound field.
Key words: back-fill mining; unclassified tailings; acoustic wave; thickening sedimentation; acoustic mechanism
