(1. 中南大学 资源加工与生物工程学院,长沙 410083;
2. 中南大学 战略含钙矿物资源清洁高效利用湖南省重点实验室,长沙 410083)
摘 要: 综述了磨矿环境、磨矿介质、外加机械力、磨机类型和助磨剂等磨矿过程中的主要因素对硫化矿和氧化矿颗粒表面性质、矿物浮选行为的影响及机制。结果发现:对于硫化矿,磨矿主要影响颗粒的晶体结构和矿浆电化学性质;对于氧化矿和硅酸盐矿物,磨矿主要影响颗粒晶面暴露程度、反应活性、形状指数及粗糙度等,最终影响矿物的浮选行为。通过对磨矿过程中各种因素的优化,获得具有特定晶体结构、形状参数、特定晶面暴露的矿物颗粒产品,进而实现对矿物浮选及分离行为的精细调控,是未来磨矿研究的重点。
关键字: 磨矿;表面性质;晶面暴露;晶体结构;浮选
(1. School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China;
2. Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Clean and Efficient Utilization of Strategic Calcium-containing Mineral Resources, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China)
Abstract:The influencing mechanisms of grinding environment, grinding medium, mechanical force, mill types and grinding aids on surface properties and flotation behavior of sulfide and oxidized minerals were systematically reviewed. It was concluded that, for sulfide ores, grinding can mainly affect the crystal structure and pulp electrochemical properties of mineral particles. While for oxidized and silicate minerals, grinding dominantly influences the exposure degree of crystal surfaces, reactivity, shape index and roughness of mineral particles, and ultimately exerts influence on mineral flotation behavior. In the near future, the main researches should be concentrated on coordinated optimization of various factors in grinding process to produce mineral particles with specific crystal structure, shape index and crystal surface exposure which will lead to a precise control of mineral flotation behaviour and hence separation efficiency.
Key words: grinding; surface properties; exposed surfaces; crystal structure; flotation