(1. 中国科学院 过程工程研究所,北京 100190;
2. 中国科学院大学 化学工程学院,北京 100049;
3. 攀钢集团有限公司,攀枝花 617067)
摘 要: 钒、铬是我国稀缺战略金属资源,广泛应用于冶金、化工、颜料及航空航天等领域,与国民经济密切相关。钒、铬在矿物中常伴生存在,由于二者物理化学性质相近,钒、铬分离难度大。在系统分析钒、铬溶液性质的基础上,综述了高钒、高铬溶液两种情况下钒铬分离方法的研究进展,对化学沉淀法、溶剂萃取法、结晶分离法、离子交换法以及吸附分离法进行了总结,并探讨了钒铬分离方法的发展趋势。
关键字: 钒;铬;分离;研究进展
(1. Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;
2. School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
3. Pangang Group Co., Ltd., Panzhihua, 617067, China)
Abstract:Vanadium and chromium are scarce and important strategic metals in China, which widely used in metallurgy, chemical industry, pigment, aerospace and other fields, and plays a key role in the national economy. Vanadium is often associated with chromium in minerals. It is difficult to separate vanadium and chromium because of their similar physical and chemical properties. Based on the systematic analysis of the properties of the solution containing vanadium and chromium, the research progress of vanadium and chromium separation methods was reviewed in the case of high vanadium and high chromium solutions. The main methods include chemical precipitation, solvent extraction, crystallization separation, ion exchange and adsorption separation were summarized, and the development trend of vanadium and chromium separation methods was also discussed.
Key words: vanadium; chromium; separation; research progress