(1. 中南大学 冶金与环境学院，长沙 410083；
2. 长沙有色冶金设计研究院有限公司，长沙 410001；
3. 江西理工大学 材料冶金化学学部，赣州 341000)
摘 要: 基于多相平衡原理，采用化学平衡常数法，建立铅富氧侧吹氧化熔池熔炼过程多相平衡模型和仿真系统。在原料组成、氧料比、冷却水量与进出水温差、富氧浓度等典型生产工况条件下，模拟计算平衡产物组成和关键技术指标。计算结果表明：与生产实测值相比，除富铅渣中微量元素外，一次粗铅、富铅渣和烟尘中Pb、Zn、S、Cu、As、Sb、Bi、Cd、Au、Ag质量分数计算值的相对误差均低于10%；渣中铁硅比(RCaO/SiO2)和钙硅比(RCaO/SiO2)、烟尘率、一次铅收率、富铅渣温度等关键技术指标的误差均小于8%。因此，所构建模型和计算系统能较好地反映铅富氧侧吹氧化熔池熔炼过程实际生产情况，具有精准预测该熔炼过程和优化工艺参数的潜力，可有效指导铅富氧侧吹氧化熔池熔炼的生产实践。
关键字: 富氧侧吹；铅熔池熔炼；多相平衡；化学平衡常数法
（1. School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China;
2. Changsha Design and Research Institute of Nonferrous Metallurgy, Changsha 410001, China;
3. Faculty of Materials Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China）
Abstract:Based on the principle of multiphase equilibrium, a multiphase equilibrium model and simulation system for lead oxygen-enriched side-blown oxidation bath smelting process were established by using chemical equilibrium constant method. Under typical production conditions, such as raw material composition, oxygen-material ratio, volume of cooling water and temperature of inlet and outlet water, oxygen-enriched concentration, the composition of equilibrium products and key technical indicators were simulated and calculated. The results show that the relative errors of the calculated mass fractions of Pb, Zn, S, Cu, As, Sb, Bi, Cd, Au and Ag in primary lead-rich slag and smoke dust are all less than 10% compared with the measured values in production, and the errors of the key technical indexes, such as RCaO/SiO2, RCaO/SiO2, smoke and dust rate, primary lead recovery rate and temperature of lead-rich slag in slag are less than 8%. Therefore, the model and calculation system can better reflect the actual production situation of lead oxygen-enriched side-blown oxidation bath smelting process, have the potential to accurately predict the smelting process and optimize process parameters, and can effectively guide the production practice of lead oxygen-enriched side-blown oxidation bath smelting.
Key words: oxygen-enriched side-blown; lead bath smelting; multi-phase equilibrium；chemical equilibrium constant method
