(1. 广西大学 资源环境与材料学院，南宁 530004；
2. 辽宁科技大学 矿业工程学院，鞍山 114051；
3. 内蒙古科技大学 矿业工程学院，包头 014010)
摘 要: 白云石是菱镁矿矿石中主要的含钙杂质矿物，基于菱镁矿和白云石溶解性差异，以盐酸溶液为浸出剂，研究机械搅拌速度、浸出时间、浸出液pH值和矿浆浓度对菱镁矿、白云石单矿物浸出率的影响，并结合水体系中矿石溶解组分计算、溶解速度试验和分子动力学模拟，对两种矿物酸浸机理进行讨论. 结果表明：白云石的浸出率明显高于菱镁矿的，提高机械搅拌速度和浸出时间可加速菱镁矿和白云石的浸出；菱镁矿和白云石的浸出率均与矿浆浓度成反相关而与矿浆酸度值成正相关关系；最优条件下，人工混合矿的酸浸脱钙率高达76.57%；菱镁矿的溶解度大于白云石的，但溶解速度却比白云石的小，溶解速度是影响浸出率的主要因素。
关键字: 菱镁矿石；除钙；白云石；溶解组分计算；分子动力学模拟
（1. School Resources and Environment, Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China;
2. School of Mining Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan 114051, China;
3. School of Mining Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou 014010, China）
Abstract:Dolomite is the key calcium-containing impure mineral in magnesite. The effects of mechanical stirring speed, leaching time, pH and pulp concentration on the leaching recovery of magnesite and dolomite were studied, based on their difference of solubleness, when hydrochloric acid solution was used as the lixiviant. Decalcification leaching tests of artificial mixed minerals were conducted using the leaching conditions of the pure mineral leaching tests, and the leaching mechanism was discussed by means of the dissolved components calculation, the dissolution rate tests and molecular dynamics simulation. The results show that the leaching rate of dolomite is higher than that of magnesite, and the leaching rates of dolomite and magnesite rise with the increase of mechanical stirring speed and leaching time. The leaching rates of dolomite and magnesite are both proportional to the pulp density and inversely proportional to acidity. The decalcification rate of artificial mixed minerals is as high as 76.57% under the optimal conditions. The solubility of magnesite is higher than that of dolomite while the dissolution rate is lower and the dissolution rate is the main factor effecting the leaching rate.
Key words: magnesite decalcification; dolomite; dissolved components calculation; molecular dynamics simulation
