(中南大学 资源加工与生物工程学院，长沙 410083)
摘 要: 通过单矿物浮选试验、溶液化学计算、ICP检测和动电位测试，考察在油酸钠(NaOl)体系下碳酸根离子、氟离子和硫酸根离子对萤石和方解石可浮性的影响及作用机理。结果表明：当矿浆pH值大于萤石或方解石饱和溶液的pH值(记作pHsat)时，碳酸根离子、氟离子、硫酸根离子能活化萤石或方解石的浮选，当矿浆pH值小于萤石或方解石的pHsat值时，阴离子则能抑制萤石或方解石的浮选；添加三种阴离子并不都能使矿浆溶解的钙离子沉淀，但可以改变萤石和方解石的溶解行为；阴离子对萤石和方解石可浮性的影响与溶液中钙离子含量无关，但可能与阴离子在萤石和方解石表面发生吸附并改变矿物的表面性质有关。
关键字: 萤石；方解石；阴离子；浮选
（School of Mineral Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract:The effects of carbonate, fluorite and sulfate ions on flotation behavior of fluorite and calcite and its mechanism were investigated, using sodium oleate as collector, through micro-flotation experiments, calculations of solution chemistry, ICP and zeta potential tests. The results indicate that when the pulp pH is greater than the pH values of the saturated solutions (pHsat) of fluorite or calcite, the flotation of fluorite or calcite can be facilitated by the addition of the ions; when the pulp pH is less than the pHsat, the flotation is inhibited. The addition of the anions cannot precipitate calcium ions in pulp, but change the dissolution behavior of fluorite and calcite. The influences of the three anions on the flotation behavior of fluorite and calcite is unrelated to the concentration of calcium ions in pulp, however, it may relate to the adsorption of the anions on fluorite and calcite surfaces and change the surface properties of the minerals.
Key words: fluorite; calcite; negative ion; flotation
