(1. 广东省科学院 广东省资源综合利用研究所，广州 510650；
2. 广东省科学院 稀有金属分离与综合利用国家重点实验室，广州 510650；
3. 广东省科学院 广东省矿产资源开发和综合利用重点实验室，广州 510650)
摘 要: 采用响应曲面法对废石化催化剂微波辅助碱性浸出工艺进行优化研究，建立微波功率、反应时间和NaOH浓度及三者间交互作用对钒浸出率影响的二次多项式回归模型。结果表明：反应时间对钒浸出率的影响最显著；反应时间与NaOH浓度、微波功率与NaOH浓度的交互作用对钒浸出率具有显著性影响。最佳工艺条件为微波功率648 W，反应时间13.50 min，NaOH浓度87.51 g/L。此条件下，钒浸出率为97.55% ± 0.18%，与模型预测值吻合度较高。微波浸出机理研究结果表明：微波条件下，钒的浸出率能够得到明显提高，这与固体和液体之间的温度差和矿物表面裂缝的产生有密切关系。
关键字: 废催化剂；响应曲面法；钒；微波；交互作用
（1. Guangdong Institute of Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China;
2. State Key Laboratory of Separation and Comprehensive Utilization of Rare Metals, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China;
3. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Development and Comprehensive Utilization of Mineral Resources, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China）
Abstract:The microwave assisted alkaline leaching of spent petrochemical catalyst was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM). The quadratic polynomial regression model charactering effect factors, such as microwave power, reaction time and NaOH concentration, and their interactions on the vanadium leaching efficiency were established. The results show that the effect of reaction time on the vanadium leaching efficiency is the most significant. The interactions of reaction time and NaOH concentration, microwave power and NaOH concentration have significant impacts on the vanadium leaching efficiency. The optimum conditions of microwave assisted leaching process are as follows: microwave power of 648 W, reaction time of 13.50 min and NaOH concentration of 87.51 g/L. Under the optimized conditions, the vanadium leaching efficiency of 97.55% ± 0.18% is obtained, which are well agree with the values predicted by the model. The mechanism of microwave-assisted leaching systems was studied. The enhancement on the leaching efficiency of vanadium is attributed to the temperature gradient between solid and liquid and generation of cracks on mineral surface.
Key words: spent catalyst; response surface methodology; vanadium; microwave; interaction
