Abstract:The porous titanium is a porous metal material with a three-dimensional open interconnected pore structure. Compared with dense biometal materials, its elastic modulus is greatly reduced due to its openability and connectivity, and thus it can be well matched to human bones, at the same time, free circulation of body fluids, combined with good biocompatibility of titanium, thus the porous titanium is used as orthopedic transplant material. How to control the porous structure and obtain the porous titanium matrix with excellent performance is the premise and foundation for carry out related research and application. The porous titanium alloy have been developed, and the preparation methods conclude gas foaming method, organic sponge replication method, slurry foaming method, gel column molding method, frozen casting method, self-propagating high-temperature synthesis method, and spark plasma sintering method, added pore-forming agent method, additive manufacturing method, fiber synthesis method, etc. Different preparation methods have their own advantages, but most of them suffer problems, such as high preparation cost or low performance. The orthopedic transplant material with different mechanical properties and pore structure are required for the actual bone condition of different patients. Therefore, adjusting the structure and modulus of porous titanium for bone-transplanting in a large range still will be studied. The porous titanium bone graft materials have achieved clinical application, the porous titanium vertebral implant materials are rolled out by domestic institutions. Porous titanium as a bone graft material, there is still much room for research and clinical applications in the future.

Key words: porous titanium; foams metal; bone graft material; porous preparation; biocompatibility