(1. 东华理工大学 放射性地质与勘探技术国防重点学科实验室，南昌 330000；
2. 昆明理工大学 国土资源工程学院，昆明 650093；3. 玉溪矿业有限公司大红山铜矿，玉溪 653100)
摘 要: 废石-尾砂高浓度充填是解决矿山废尾排放的最有效途径，也是实现绿色采矿的主体支撑技术之一。管道输送特性作为高浓度料浆管道输送的核心内容具有重要的研究意义。本文将矿山实际充填管路进行还原，应用Fluent软件进行输送模拟研究，重点以速度、质量浓度对管道自流输送特性及弯管部位的影响进行分析。结果表明：随着速度的增加，管道的阻力损失呈指数增长，弯管底部受到的压力最大。当料浆速度达到2.8 m/s，料浆浓度为85%时，浆料无法自流；当料浆速度超过3.0 m/s时，阻力损失增长变快；当料浆速度达到3.2 m/s，料浆浓度达到84%时，浆料无法自流，也会出现滞留现象，造成堵管。适合高浓度管道自流输送的料浆浓度为83%~84%。通过半工业实验及矿山实际阻力监测，验证了数值模拟结果的可靠性。
关键字: 废石-尾砂充填采矿；自流输送；高浓度料浆；阻力损失；数值模拟
（1. Fundamental Science on Radioactive Geology and Exploration Technology Laboratory, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330000, China;
2. Faculty of Land and Resources Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China;
3. Dahongshan Copper Mine, Yuxi Mining Co., Ltd., Yuxi 653100, China）
Abstract:It is the most effective way to solve waste rock-tailing emissions and is one of main support techniques to realize the green mining that high-density slurry with waste rock and tailing. Pipeline characteristics has an important research significance as the core content of pipeline transportation about high-density slurry. This article reduced the mine actual filling line, the pipeline simulation research was conducted using Fluent software, the effects of velocity/quality concentration on the characteristics of gravity and bending parts were analyzed. The results show that the pipe resistance losses increase exponentially with the increase of flow velocity, the bottom of the pipe bending has the most pressure. When the velocity is more than 3.0 m/s, the resistance loss grows faster. When the velocity reaches 2.8 m/s, the slurry is not able to self-flow when the slurry concentration is 85%, when the velocity reaches 3.2 m/s, the concentration is 84%, which cannot be self-flowing, and the retention phenomenon occurs, causing the plugging pipe. It is suitable for pipe flow that the concentration of high density slurry is 83%-84%. Semi-industrial experiments and actual resistance monitoring verify the reliability of numerical simulation results in mines.
Key words: filling by waste rock-tailing; gravity delivery; high-density slurry; resistance loss; numerical simulation
