(1. 江西理工大学 冶金与化学工程学院，赣州 341000；
2. 河南省冶金研究所有限责任公司，郑州 450053)
摘 要: 采用湿法氯化的方法可以有效降低酸耗和抑制杂质离子的浸出，采用氯化铵-盐酸体系选择性浸出红土镍矿中有价金属。结果表明：在浸出温度90 ℃、盐酸浓度2 mol/L、固液比1:6、浸出时间90 min条件下镍的浸出率为89.45%，钴的浸出率为88.56%，锰的浸出率为90.23%，而铁的浸出率只有19.30%，实现了在低酸情况下的选择性浸出。对红土镍矿中不同矿相在氯盐溶液中的浸出机理进行了研究。结果表明：氯盐的加入有利于针铁矿相的溶解，但对其他铁矿相影响不显著。因此，氯盐的加入有利于针铁矿相中有价金属的浸出，抑制其他铁矿相中铁的浸出。
关键字: 氯化铵；红土镍矿；选择性浸出；浸出机理；活度
（1. School of Metallurgy and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China;
2. Henan Institute of Metallurgy Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou 450053, China）
Abstract:The hydro-chloride leaching can reduce the impurity ion leaching and consumption of acid effectively. The selectively leaching valuable metals from laterite nickel ore with ammonium chloride hydrochloric acid solution were studied. The results show that when the leaching temperature is 90 ℃, hydrochloric acid concentration is 2 mol/L, solid-liquid ratio is 1:6 and leaching time is 1.5 h, the leaching rates of nickel, cobalt, manganese and iron are 89.45%, 88.56%, 90.23% and 19.30%, respectively, which achieve selectively leaching in relatively low acid concentration. Based on the selective leaching mechanism research, the addition of chlorine salt is beneficial to dissolution of goethite than other iron minerals in laterite ore, leading to increasing leaching of valuable metals from goethite mineral and suppression leaching of iron from other iron minerals.
Key words: ammonium chloride; laterite nickel ore; selective leaching; leaching mechanism; ion activity
