(1. 上海大学 材料科学与工程学院 省部共建高品质特殊钢冶金与制备国家重点实验室，上海 200072；
2. 上海大学 材料基因组工程研究院，上海 201900；
3. 上海特种铸造工程技术研究中心，上海 201605)
摘 要: 使用传统固相合成的Y2O3掺杂与未掺杂的BaZrO3粉料，运用冷等静压和固相烧结技术，制备BaZrO3和Y掺杂的BaZrO3坩埚，并用其熔炼富钛合金(Ti2Ni，含钛量63%，质量分数)。研究Y2O3掺杂对BaZrO3坩埚侵蚀层及组织形貌的变化，合金熔体受耐火材料元素污染量的变化以及Y2O3掺杂BaZrO3坩埚抵抗钛熔体的侵蚀性。结果表明：1500 ℃时，Ti2Ni熔体对掺杂Y2O3的BaZrO3坩埚侵蚀层厚(1700 mm)，小于未掺杂的BaZrO3侵蚀层厚度(2000 mm)；Y掺杂BaZrO3坩埚内壁晶粒相对完整，仅部分晶界受熔体侵蚀而模糊，未掺杂的BaZrO3坩埚晶粒受钛熔体侵蚀及冲刷，出现层片状组织，且内壁结构疏松；随着保温时间从5 min增至15 min时，Y掺杂BaZrO3坩埚熔炼后Ti2Ni合金中的O和Zr元素均达到平衡；而未掺杂的BaZrO3熔炼后Ti2Ni中O和Zr含量随保温时间增加而增加。热力学计算也支持上述结论，说明耐火材料在Ti2Ni熔体中的溶解的进行表明促进BaZrO3坩埚-合金界面反应，Y2O3掺杂能改善BaZrO3稳定性，增强抗钛熔体的侵蚀性，降低其在钛合金中的溶解。
关键字: 锆酸钡；氧化钇；掺杂；钛合金；稳定性；抗侵蚀性
（1. State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Ferro metallurgy, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200072, China;
2. Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, Shanghai 201900, China;
3. Shanghai Special Casting Engineering Technology Research Center, Shanghai 201605, China）
Abstract:The crucibles prepared by Y-doped BaZrO3 and undoped BaZrO3 powders were synthesized by a traditional solid-state and cold isostatic pressing method, and then used the two crucibles melted titanium rich alloys(Ti2Ni, 63%Ti, mass fraction). The effect of Ti2Ni melt on the erosion changes and the microstructures of BaZrO3 and Y-doped BaZrO3 crucibles at different melting times, as well as the contamination of the melt by the refractory, and its erosion resistance of titanium melts were investigated. The results show that the thickness 1700 mm of erosion layer of Y-doped BaZrO3 crucible is less than that (2000 mm) of BaZrO3 crucible at 1500 ℃. The grains of the Y-doped BaZrO3 are relatively complete, and the part of grain boundaries are not clear because of the melt erosion, while the grains of the un-doped BaZrO3 are eroded by titanium melts, and the lamellar and loose structure occurs. When the holding time increases from 5min to 15 min, the O and Zr elements in the Ti2Ni alloy after Y-doped BaZrO3 are all in equilibrium. After melting of the up-doped BaZrO3 the O and Zr contents increase with the holding time increasing. The thermodynamic calculations support the above conclusions, and which indicates the dissolution of refractory in the Ti2Ni melts is the main reason for the alloy-crucible interaction. The doping Y2O3 into BaZrO3 can improve the stability of BaZrO3, enhance the erosion resistance of titanium melts and reduce its dissolution in titanium alloys.
Key words: barium zirconate; yttrium oxide; dopant; titanium alloy; stability; erosion resistance
