(1. 南华大学 化学化工学院，衡阳 421001；
2. 南华大学 湖南省铀尾矿库退役治理工程技术研究中心，衡阳 421001；
3. 南华大学 铀矿冶放射性控制技术湖南省工程研究中心，衡阳 421001；
4. 南华大学 环境与安全工程学院，衡阳 421001；
5. 南华大学 公共卫生学院，衡阳 421001)
摘 要: 以氯磷酸二苯酯作为取代基，通过取代反应对杯[4]芳烃下沿进行修饰，合成出一种新型杯[4]芳烃磷酸酯衍生物，并采用傅立叶红外光谱对其表征。考察pH值、萃取剂浓度、萃取时间、萃取温度对杯[4]芳烃磷酸酯衍生物萃取U(Ⅵ)的影响。结果表明：在铀的初始浓度为5 mg/ L时，杯[4]芳烃磷酸酯衍生物萃取铀的最佳条件是pH值为4.0，温度为25 ℃，萃取剂浓度为0.20 g/L，萃取平衡时间为2 h。杯[4]芳烃磷酸酯衍生物对铀的萃取过程符合准二级反应动力学模型。此外，在有多种共存离子的情况下，杯[4]芳烃磷酸酯衍生物表现出对U(Ⅵ)良好的选择性萃取能力。
关键字: 杯[4]芳烃；磷酸酯；萃取；铀
（1. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China;
2. Hunan Province Engineering Technology Research Center of Uranium Tailings Treatment, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China;
3. Hunan Province Engineering Research Center of Radioactive Control Technology in Uranium Mining and Metallurgy, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China;
4. School of Resource Environmental and Safety Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China;
5. School of Public Health, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China）
Abstract:Diphenyl chlorophosphate was used as the substituent to react with the calix[4]arene to synthesize a novel calix[4]arene phosphate derivative. The calix[4]arene phosphate derivative was characterized by FT-IR. The effects of pH value, concentration of extractant, extraction time and temperature on the extraction of U(Ⅵ) by calix[4]arene phosphate derivatives were investigated. The results show that the optimum conditions for the extraction of uranium by calix[4]arene phosphate derivative are as follows. The pH value is 4.0, the temperature is 25 ℃, the concentration of extractant is 0.20 g/L and the extraction balance time is 2 h when the initial concentration of uranium is 5 mg/L. The extraction process of uranium by calix[4]arene phosphate derivative conforms to the pseudo-second-order reaction kinetic model. Besides, in the presence of multiple coexisting ions, the calix[4]arene phosphate derivative exhibits good selectivity to uranium(Ⅵ).
Key words: calix[4]arene; phosphate; extraction; uranium
