(江西理工大学 江西省矿业工程重点实验室，赣州 341000)
摘 要: 通过浮选试验、吸附量测试和XPS分析，研究油酸钠和聚醚P123组合捕收剂以及抑制剂海藻酸钠在白钨矿与方解石浮选分离中的作用，考察钙离子对白钨矿与方解石浮选分离的影响，并分析海藻酸钠对方解石的抑制作用机理。结果表明：与常用捕收剂油酸钠相比，油酸钠和聚醚P123组合捕收剂提高白钨矿的浮选回收率，并降低方解石的浮选回收率，但仅用捕收剂在试验所研究的pH范围内无法实现白钨矿与方解石的浮选分离。抑制剂海藻酸钠在白钨矿及方解石表面均能被吸附，但在方解石表面的吸附量显著高于在白钨矿表面的吸附量，从而对方解石具有选择性抑制作用。钙离子的存在对方解石和白钨矿的浮选影响较小，对海藻酸钠的抑制行为也没有影响，使用海藻酸钠做抑制剂能够实现白钨矿与方解石的浮选分离。XPS分析表明海藻酸钠作用后方解石表面钙原子的特征吸收峰发生明显偏移，说明海藻酸钠主要是通过与方解石表面的钙离子发生化学反应而吸附在方解石表面。
关键字: 白钨矿；方解石；组合捕收剂；海藻酸钠；浮选分离
（Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Mining Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China）
Abstract:The role of combined collector and depressant sodium alginate in the flotation separation of scheelite from calcite was studied, the effect of calcium ion on the separation of scheelite and calcite was analyzed, and the depression mechanism of sodium alginate on calcite was discussed. The results show that, compared with the commonly used collector sodium oleate, the combine use of sodium oleate and polyether P123 improves the recovery of scheelite while decreases the recovery of calcite, but the flotation separation of scheelite and calcite can not be achieved by using collector only. The depressant sodium alginate can be adsorbed on the surface of both scheelite and calcite, but the adsorption amount on calcite surface is greater than that on scheelite surface. So sodium alginate has selective depression effect on calcite. The presence of calcium ion has little effect on the flotation of scheelite and calcite, and also does not influence the depression effect of sodium alginate. The flotation separation of scheelite and calcite can be achieved using sodium alginate as depressant. XPS analysis shows that the characteristic adsorption peak of calcium ion on calcite surface displaces obviously after interacting with sodium alginate, which illustrates that the adsorption of sodium alginate on calcite surface mainly through chemical reaction of sodium alginate with calcium calcite surface.
Key words: scheelite; calcite; combined collector; sodium alginate; flotation separation
