(1. 中南大学 冶金与环境学院，长沙 410083；
2. 中天新兴材料有限公司，南通 226010；
3. 广东佳纳能源科技有限公司，广州 511495)
摘 要: 根据淀粉在稀酸或加热条件下可水解为还原性单糖的性质，以淀粉作为还原剂，采用酸浸出方法对从废旧三元锂离子电池正极材料中回收Li、Ni、Co、Mn的浸出工艺进行研究；分别考察酸度、淀粉浓度、固液比、浸出温度和浸出时间对4种有价金属浸出率的影响。结果表明：在最佳条件即2 mol/L H2SO4、4 g/L 淀粉、固液比50 g/L、浸出温度80 ℃、浸出时间120 min时，Li、Ni、Co、Mn的浸出率分别达到98.55%、97.6%、96.73%以及91.92%。此外，基于对数定律方程对浸出动力学参数进行了拟合，表现出较好的线性相关度，计算得出Li、Ni、Co、Mn的表观活化能分别为14.8、21.3、24以及26.4 kJ/mol。浸出渣的XRD谱和SEM像显示其主要物相为C和MnO2。
关键字: 废旧锂离子电池；正极材料；有价金属；酸浸出；淀粉；浸出动力学
（1. School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China;
2. Zhongtian New Material Co., Ltd., Nantong 226010, China;
3. Guangdong Jiana Energy Technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 511495, China）
Abstract:Based on the properties that starch can be hydrolyzed into reduced monosaccharide under dilute acid or heating conditions, starch was used as a reducing agent by acid leaching method for recovering Li, Ni, Co, Mn from cathode materials of spent ternary lithium ion battery. The effects of acid concentration, starch concentration, solid to liquid ratio, leaching temperature and leaching time on the leaching rate of four valuable metals were investigated. The results show that the leaching rates of Li, Ni, Co and Mn reach 98.55%, 97.6%, 96.73% and 91.92%, respectively under the optimum conditions of 2 mol/L H2SO4, 4 g/L starch, solid-liquid ratio at 50 g/L, leaching temperature at 80 ℃ and leaching time at 120 min. In addition, a good linear correlation is shown by fitting the kinetic parameters of leaching based on the logarithmic law equation, and the apparent activation energies of Li, Ni, Co and Mn are 14.8 kJ/mol, 21.3 kJ/mol, 24 kJ/mol and 26.4 kJ/mol, respectively. The analysis results of XRD and SEM show that the main phases of the leaching residue was C and MnO2.
Key words: spent lithium ion battery; cathode material; valuable metal; acid leaching; starch; leaching kinetics
