(中南大学 信息科学与工程学院，长沙 410083)
摘 要: 针对锌电解过程中阴极板上锌反溶对电解能耗、电流效率及析出锌产量影响难以确定的问题，基于有限元分析的方法，结合流体动力学方程及电极反应动力学方程，分别建立考虑锌反溶和不考虑锌反溶情况下的锌电解过程数学模型，利用多物理场仿真软件COMSOL建立锌电解槽的三维有限元模型，模拟计算锌电解槽中极板上的电解能耗、电流效率及析出锌产量变化的分布。结果表明：在给定实验条件下，与不考虑锌反溶反应的模型相比，锌电解过程电流效率的相对误差降低3%~4%，阴极板上析出锌产量的相对误差降低2%~5%；验证锌电解模型中考虑锌反溶的必要性。为进一步研究锌电解的优化奠定基础。
关键字: 锌反溶；电极反应动力学；数值模拟；COMSOL
（School of Information Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract:In order to determine the influence of reverse dissolution of zinc on energy consumption, current efficiency and the output of zinc in zinc electrolysis process, the mathematical models of considering the zinc dissolution and without considering zinc dissolution on zinc electrolysis process were established, respectively, based on finite element analysis and combining fluid dynamics and electrode kinetics equation. To calculate the model numerically and obtain the data of energy consumption, current efficiency and the output of zinc on cathode surface, a 3D model was built up in simulation software COMSOL. The results show that comparing with the model without considering reverse dissolution of zinc, the relative error of current efficiency and the output of zinc on cathode reduces 3%-4% and 2%-5%, respectively, which verifies the necessity of considering the reverse dissolution in zinc electrolysis model. Therefore, the work makes a fundamental for the further optimal control of zinc electrolysis process.
Key words: reverse dissolution; electrode kinetics; numerical simulation; COMSOL
