(1. 安徽工业大学 冶金工程学院，马鞍山 243032；
2. 中南大学 冶金与环境学院，长沙 410083；
3. 中国黄金集团公司，北京 100011)
摘 要: 针对某复杂难处理金精矿火法熔炼造锍产生的高锑烟尘，进行了湿法综合处理工艺研究。采用XRD、SEM对高锑烟尘进行了物相组成分析和微观形貌表征。以盐酸为浸出剂分离烟尘中的砷、锑、铅、锌等元素，得到含杂较低的高品位金精矿，并对所得金精矿通过静态富氧焙烧-酸浸除杂-氰化浸出工艺回收金银等贵金属。结果表明：高锑烟尘主要由Sb2O3和As2O3物相组成，锑、砷含量分别为31.18%和9.95%；该烟尘由粒度较细、大小较均匀颗粒物所组成；在盐酸浓度为4 mol/L、浸出液固质量比为5.0、温度为85 ℃条件下搅拌浸出2 h，浸出渣率为13.65%，浸出渣中砷、锑、铅和锌的品位分别为0.52%、0.60%、0.06%和0.49%；所得金精矿静态富氧焙烧脱硫率为98.81%，焙砂酸浸渣中金品位达到116.9 g/t，金的氰化浸出率达到98%。通过该工艺处理复杂难处理金精矿火法冶炼所得高锑烟尘，实现了烟尘中杂质元素的高效分离，有价元素得到有效回收。
关键字: 复杂金精矿；高锑烟尘；砷；锑；浸出
（1. School of Metallurgical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma’anshan 243032, China;
2. School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China;
3. China National Gold Group Company Limited, Beijing 100011, China）
Abstract:A wet leaching process for disposing high antimony dust generated from the matte smelting process of refractory gold concentrate was reported. The phase composition and micro-morphology of the high antimony dust were analyzed by XRD and SEM. The elements of As, Sb, Pb and Zn in the dust were separated via hydrochloric acid leaching, and the high grade gold concentrate was subsequently obtained. The gold concentrate was then disposed by static rich-oxygen roasting, acid leaching, and cyaniding successively for the recovery of Au and Ag. The results show that the main phases of the high antimony dust are Sb2O3 and As2O3, and the contents of Sb and As are 31.18% and 9.95%, respectively. The particle size of the dust is relatively fine and uniform. The leaching residue rate is 13.65% and the contents of As, Sb, Pb, and Zn are decreased to 0.52%, 0.60%, 0.06%, and 0.49%, respectively, under the experimental conditions of HCl concentration of 4 mol/L, liquid-solid ratio of 5.0, temperature of 85 ℃, and reacting time of 2 h. The desulfurization rate of the gold concentrate and the cyanide leaching rate of gold are 98.81% and 98%, respectively, and the Au content in the calcine acid leaching residue reaches 116.9 g/t. The effective separation of impurity elements and recovery of valuable elements can be achieved by the disposal of high antimony dust generated from the pyrometallurgical process of gold concentrate through the process reported in the present work.
Key words: complicated gold concentrate; high antimony dust; arsenic; antimony; leaching
