(1．昆明理工大学 冶金与能源工程学院，昆明 650093； 2. 中国科学院过程工程研究所，绿色过程与工程重点实验室，湿法冶金清洁生产技术国家工程实验室，北京 100190)
摘 要: 在1500 ℃下将Al-Si合金与CaO-SiO2-Al2O3熔渣混合精炼，考察了渣金比、精炼时间对体系中元素Al和B在渣金两相间分配的影响，并解析了这两种元素的迁移过程。结果表明：熔渣40%CaO-40%SiO2-20%Al2O3和60%Al-Si合金在渣金质量比为5时，精炼硅中B含量由302.74×10-6降至23.37×10-6。元素Al和B在渣金两相间的迁移规律基本一致，呈现出明显的阶段性特征。合金中Al元素在精炼10 min内相间迁移最为剧烈，Al的转化率达到96.52%，剩余少量Al以Al-Si相或Al-Si-Ca相存在于硅晶界处；而B元素在精炼30 min内向渣中迁移效果最为显著，迁移比分别为12.32、10.96，继续延长时间二者含量均变化缓慢。Al元素的氧化会改变精炼渣的组成，精炼相同时间时，随渣中w(CaO+Al2O3)/w(SiO2)值增大，精炼硅中B含量呈先下降后上升的趋势，B含量在w(CaO+Al2O3)/w(SiO2)值1.24附近有最小值8.01×10-6，此时B的迁移比达到37.80。
关键字: 铝硅合金；B；造渣精炼；迁移；分配
（1. Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kuming 650093, China; 2. National Engineering Laboratory for Hydrometallurgical Cleaner Production Technology, Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China）
Abstract:Al-Si alloy and CaO-SiO2-Al2O3 slag were mixed and refined at 1500 ℃. The effects of ratio of slag to metal, refining time on the distribution of Al and B in the system between the slag and metal phase were investigated. Also, the migration process of Al and B in the system was analyzed. The results show that, the B content in the refining Si decreases from 302.74×10-6 to 23.37×10-6, when the ratio of 40%CaO-40%SiO2-20%Al2O3 slag to 60% Al-Si alloy is 5. The migration patterns between the slag and metal phase of Al and B are almost the same, both of which change with stages. For Al, it is the most violent in the first 10 min, the transformation rate of Al reaches up to 96.52%, and the remaining amount of aluminum exists at the silicon grain boundary in the form of Al-Si phase or Al-Si-Ca phase. While for B, the most violent migration into slag happens in the first 30 min. And their migration ratios (Rm) are 12.32 and 10.96, respectively. Further increasing time will only bring a slow change of their content. The refining slag is changed by the oxadation of Al, and Al content will be enhanced with the increase of w(CaO+Al2O3)/w(SiO2) under the same refining time. However, B content decreases at first and then increases, whose minimum value is 8.01×10-6 when w(CaO+Al2O3)/w(SiO2) is 1.24, and now the migration ratio of B is 37.80.
Key words: Al-Si alloy; boron; slag refining; migration; distribution
