(西南交通大学 牵引动力国家重点实验室 摩擦学研究所，成都 610031)
摘 要: 选用两种典型的电接触材料(镍、紫铜)进行从室温到高温下(室温~300 ℃)以及10 N载荷的电接触微动试验，采用3D形貌仪和SEM对磨痕形貌进行分析。结果表明：温度对接触电阻的影响显著。在室温环境下，两种材料的接触电阻均处在一个稳定的值；随着温度的上升(室温~100 ℃)，镍的接触电阻急剧上升，而铜的接触电阻相对稳定，随着温度上升至300 ℃，两种材料的接触电阻均发生剧烈变化。接触区域的氧化磨屑生成和堆积是导致接触电阻急剧上升的主要原因。
关键字: 微动；接触电阻；接触斑点；温度；电接触
（Tribology Research Institute, Traction Powder State Key Laboratory, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China）
Abstract:The fretting wear behavior of two typical materials (nickel and red copper) and contacts at elevated temperatures (from RT to 300 ℃) and normal loads (10 N) is addressed. The morphology and wear surface was analyzed by 3D profile and SEM. The results show that elevated temperature significantly affected the contact resistance. At room temperature (RT), electrical contact resistance (ECR) remains stable of two materials for several thousand fretting cycles. With the increase of temperature (from RT to 100 ℃), the ECR of red copper seems stable under elevated temperature, while the ECR of nickel is easily affected by elevated temperature. The ECR of two contacts rises sharply under 300 ℃. Oxide debris accumulation at the contact areas is the key of rising and fluctuating ECR under electrical contact fretting wear.
Key words: fretting; contact resistance; contact spot; temperature; electric contact
