(1. 沈阳工业大学 材料科学与工程学院，沈阳 110016； 2. 哈尔滨工业大学 材料科学与工程学院，哈尔滨 150001)
摘 要: 采用常规铸造和喷射成形两种工艺制造Al22Si5Fe3Cu1Mg高硅铝合金，研究磨损温度对合金摩擦行为和磨损机理的影响。结果表明：由于喷射成形高硅铝合金具有组织细小、成分均匀等特征，在磨擦过程中表现出更好的抗磨损性能。合金的磨损机制随着温度的升高而发生转变，低于临界温度时为磨粒和黏着磨损混合形式，高于临界温度后转变为剥层磨损。合金在高温下磨擦时，由于氧化速度较快，形成的氧化物改善合金的抗磨损性能，但存在一个临界温度，当超过临界温度时，两种工艺下的合金均由轻微磨粒和黏着磨损混合形式转变为严重的剥层磨损，喷射成形合金在不同高温下的抗磨损性能均显著优于铸造合金的，且其磨损机制转变临界温度比常规铸造合金的高约100 ℃。
关键字: 高硅铝合金；高温摩擦；磨损机制
（1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang 110178, China; 2. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China）
Abstract:The effects of temperature on friction behavior and wear mechanism for high-silicon aluminum alloy were systematically studied by comparing two processes of conventional cast and spray-formed for manufacturing Al22Si5Fe3Cu1Mg alloy. The result shows that Al22Si5Fe3Cu1Mg alloy by spray-form process shows better abrasion and wear properties than that by conventional casting. The wear mechanism changes with temperature, which shows mixed wear of abrasive and adhesive at temperature lower than the critical temperature and shows delamination wear at temperature higher than the critical temperature. When explored at high temperature, the formation of oxidation improves the wear resistance for the Al22Si5Fe3Cu1Mg alloy due to the fast oxidation and there exiting a critical temperature when wear increases significantly. The wear mechanism of two materials changes into delamination wear with wear rate increasing dramatically by low wear. Notably, the Al22Si5Fe3Cu1Mg alloy by spray-formed process shows superior wear resistance than that from conventional cast both at high and low temperatures. Moreover, the Al22Si5Fe3Cu1Mg alloy by spray-formed process has higher critical temperature of wear mechanism than that by conventional cast.
Key words: high silicon aluminum alloy; high temperature friction and wear; worn mechanism
