(1. 湘潭大学 环境与资源学院，湘潭 411105； 2. 湘潭大学 化工学院，湘潭 411105)
摘 要: 针对一种铊(Tl)品位为48.75 g/t的含Tl方铅矿精矿，分别采用直接酸浸、次氯酸钠氧化-酸浸、碱式氧化-酸浸的方法，进行精矿脱Tl工艺研究。考查了矿浆浓度、次氯酸钠氧化时间、碱式氧化时间、充气速率、硫酸用量、浸出温度、浸出时间等因素对Tl去除率的影响。结果表明：采用直接酸浸和次氯酸钠氧化-酸浸工艺，脱Tl效果不佳，Tl去除率分别为17.9%和33.1%。采用碱性氧化-酸浸脱Tl工艺，脱Tl效果良好，当工艺条件为：充气速率为1.25 L/min，矿浆浓度20%，氧化温度为50 ℃，氧化时间32 h；浸出体系H2SO4用量12%，浸出温度40 ℃，浸出时间3.5 h，Tl去除率可达到83.4%，脱Tl铅精矿Pb品位为61.9%，Pb回收率为96.9%。脱Tl后的铅精矿中Tl的品位为8.05 g/t，符合铅冶炼企业的要求。
关键字: 铊；方铅矿；精矿；氧化；浸出
（1. College of Environment and Resources, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China; 2. College of Chemical Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China）
Abstract:To remove Tl from a galena concentrate with a Tl grade of 48.75 g/t, some processes such as direct acid leaching, sodium hypochlorite oxidation-acid leaching and basic oxidation -acid leaching, were investigated, and the effects of inflation rate, pulp density, sodium hypochlorite oxidation time, basic oxidation time, dosage of sulfuric acid, leaching temperature and leaching time on the Tl removal efficiency were studied. The experiment results show that the Tl removal efficiencies are only 17.9% and 33.1% by direct acid leaching process and sodium hypochlorite oxidation-acid leaching process, respectively. However, through basic oxidation-acid leaching process, the Tl removal efficiency can reach up to 83.4% under the condition of inflation rate 1.25 L/min, pulp concentration 20%, oxidation temperature 50 ℃, basic oxidation 32 h, dosage of sulfuric acid 12%, leaching temperature 40 ℃ and leaching time 3.5 h. The thallium grade in thallium removed sulfide concentrates is 8.05 g/t, the grade and recovery of lead are 61.9% and 96.9%, respectively, which meet the requirements of lead smelting enterprises.
Key words: thallium; galena; concentrate; oxidation; leaching
