Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals

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中国有色金属学报

ZHONGGUO YOUSEJINSHU XUEBAO

第27卷    第10期    总第223期    2017年10月

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文章编号:1004-0609(2017)-10-2154-10
锌粉置换镓锗渣草酸浸出过程
刘付朋,刘志宏,李玉虎,刘智勇,李启厚

(中南大学 冶金与环境学院,长沙 410083)

摘 要: 考察锌粉置换镓锗渣草酸浸出过程中,草酸浓度、浸出时间、液固比、浸出温度、双氧水浓度对镓、锗、锌、铁、铜、硅浸出率及浸出料浆过滤性能的影响,揭示在草酸浸出体系下添加双氧水促进镓、锗浸出的作用机理。结果表明,采用草酸和双氧水为浸出剂,不仅可实现镓、锗的选择性浸出,还可显著改善浸出料浆的过滤性能。双氧水促进镓、锗浸出的机理为其作为氧化剂使镓、锗单质及其硫化物氧化为可溶的氧化物;草酸与镓、锗可生成稳定络合物,而与硅的作用较弱,从而促进镓、锗的浸出,同时使浸出渣的过滤性能得以改善。在草酸浓度为110 g/L、双氧水浓度为0.12 mol/L、液固比(L/S)为8、搅拌速度为 300 r/min、浸出温度为40 ℃、浸出时间为30 min 的条件下,镓和锗浸出率分别为99.32%、98.86%,而铜、锌、硅的浸出率分别在0.82%、0.84% 、0.43%,且浸出料浆的过滤速度由常压硫酸浸出体系下的0.48 mL/min 提高到100 mL/min。

 

关键字: 镓;锗;草酸;双氧水;浸出

Oxalic acid leaching process of zinc powder replacement residue containing gallium and germanium
LIU Fu-peng, LIU Zhi-hong, LI Yu-hu, LIU Zhi-yong, LI Qi-hou

School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China

Abstract:The oxalic acid leaching of the zinc powder replacement residue containing gallium and germanium was carried out. The effects of oxalic acid concentration, leaching time, liquid-to-solid (L/S) ratio, leaching temperature, and hydrogen peroxide concentration on the leaching of gallium and germanium, together with the filterability of the leaching residues were investigated. The effective mechanisms of improving the leaching through adding hydrogen peroxide in oxalic acid leaching system were found out. The results show that using oxalic acid and hydrogen peroxide as leachant can effectively promote the leaching of Ga and Ge. Moreover, the filterability of leaching residues also can be obviously improved in the oxalic acid leaching system. These could be attributed to the fact that hydrogen peroxide oxidize elemental gallium and germanium, as well as their sulfides, while the oxalic acid promotes the formation of gallium and germanium complex, and oxalic acid has negligible effects on silica, thus the leaching of gallium and germanium and the filterability of the leaching residues were improved. The optimal leaching conditions are as follows: oxalic acid concentration of 110 g/L, hydrogen peroxide concentration of 0.12 mol/L, L/S ratio of 8, temperature of 40 ℃, stirring rate of 300 r/min, and leaching time of 30 min. Under the optimal conditions, 99.32% of Ga and 98.86% of Ge were leached out, while the leaching of Zn, Cu and Si were 0.815%, 0.842% and 0.430%, respectively. Moreover, the filtration rate of the leaching slurry increases from 0.48 mL/min in atmospheric pressure acid leaching system to 100 mL/min.

 

Key words: gallium; germanium; oxalic acid; hydrogen peroxide; leaching

ISSN 1004-0609
CN 43-1238/TG
CODEN: ZYJXFK

ISSN 1003-6326
CN 43-1239/TG
CODEN: TNMCEW

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