(北京科技大学 冶金与生态工程学院，北京 100083)
摘 要: 以低冰镍为研究对象，采用FeCl3-HCl溶液体系高效浸提目标金属Ni、Cu、Co，系统地研究FeCl3溶液的浓度、盐酸溶液的浓度、浸出温度和时间对Ni、Cu、Co浸出率的影响，并对Ni的浸出动力学进行探讨。结果表明：在最优浸出条件下，即FeCl3溶液的浓度为1.0 mol/L、盐酸溶液的浓度为0.5 mol/L、浸出温度90 ℃、浸出时间7 h时，Ni、Cu、Co浸出率分别达到98.4%、98.9%和97.3%。当温度为60~90 ℃时，Ni的浸出反应符合未反应核收缩模型，代入动力学方程分析后发现，Ni浸出反应过程是界面化学反应控速，表观活化能为38.4 kJ/mol。
关键字: 低冰镍；FeCl3-HCl溶液体系；浸出；Ni；Cu；Co；动力学
（School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China）
Abstract:The extraction of Ni, Cu and Co with high leaching efficiencies from the low nickel matte in FeCl3-HCl solution was investigated. The effects of FeCl3 concentration, hydrochloric acid concentration, leaching temperature and time on the leaching rates of Ni, Cu and Co were systematically investigated. The results show that leaching rates of Ni, Cu and Co are 98.4%, 98.9% and 97.3%, respectively, under the optimal conditions (FeCl3 concentration: 1.0 mol/L, hydrochloric acid concentration: 0.5 mol/L, leaching temperature: 90 ℃, leaching time: 7 h). The leaching process follows the shrink-core model at the temperature of 60~90 ℃ and through kinetic analysis, the leaching efficiency of Ni is controlled by the interface chemical reaction, and the apparent activation energy is 38.4 kJ/mol.
Key words: low nickel matte; FeCl3-HCl solution; leaching; Ni; Cu; Co; kinetics
