(中南大学 冶金与环境学院，长沙 410083)
摘 要: 以工业实践的底吹炼铅炉为对象，在炉内渣相和金属相的物性参数测定的基础上，利用FLUENT软件平台，建立一个与实际体系一致的底吹炼铅炉模型，并耦合VOF三相流模型和标准κ-ε湍流模型对底吹炼铅炉内气-渣-金属三相流动过程进行模拟。通过分析数值模拟的相界面结构、速度场分布、流线分布结果，发现氧枪上方区域搅动剧烈，渣层中存在涡流，强化了传递和反应过程。另外，所建立的模型在优化底吹炉炉体结构和改善运行条件方面有着重要作用，经过分析不同条件下炉内流体流动形态，能有效地引导完善底吹炼铅炉工况。对入口流速和喷枪倾角的优化讨论中，发现增大入口流速能提高熔炼效果，最佳喷枪倾角为5°~7°。
关键字: 底吹炉；多相流；FLUENT；结构优化
（School of Metallurgy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract:Based on the material properties of furnace slag phase and metal phase, a mathematical model for the actual system of bottom-blowing lead smelting furnace was built by computational fluid dynamics software FLUENT. Three-phase VOF model and standard k-ε turbulence model were applied to simulate the gas-slag-metal phase flow process in the furnace. Phase interface structure, velocity distribution and streamline distribution were obtained by this model. Strong stirring and vortex slag layer were found in the upper area of the tuyere which benefits chemical reactions. The proposed model that simulates the multi-phase flow in the furnace is significant for furnace structure and operating conditions optimization. The analysis of flow patterns under different conditions can effectively guide the improvement of bottom blowing furnace working conditions. In the optimization of inlet velocity and lance inclination angle, it is found that increasing inlet velocity can improve the melting efficiency, and the best lance inclination range is from 5° to 7°.
Key words: bottom blowing furnace; multiphase flow; FLUENT; structure optimization
