(北京科技大学 土木与资源工程学院，北京 100083)
摘 要: 主要进行铁质红土镍矿和镁质红土镍矿的直接还原-磁选工艺的对比研究。结果表明：在不使用添加剂的情况下，铁质试样中的镍比较容易还原和回收，镍回收率能达到90%，但镍品位较低。镁质试样中的镍较难回收，镍的品位和回收率都不理想，镍回收率只有45%左右。进一步试验发现，硫酸钠可作为铁质试样的理想添加剂，但对镁质试样作用效果不佳。氟化钙对镁质试样作用效果显著，但对铁质试样作用效果不明显。分析发现，两种试样镍的赋存状态、铁元素含量以及还原所得金属颗粒大小的差异是造成上述差别的主要原因。
关键字: 铁质红土镍矿；镁质红土镍矿；直接还原；磁选
（School of Civil and Resource Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China）
Abstract:A contrast study was carried out on the direct reduction-magnetic separation process between ferruginous laterite ore and magnesian laterite ore. The result shows that nickel in ferruginous laterite ore is easier to be reduced and recovered without adding additives. The nickel recovery rate can reach 90%, but nickel grade is low. The nickel in magnesian laterite ore is harder to be reduced and recovered without adding additives. Both nickel grade and recovery rate are not ideal. The nickel recovery rate just can reach 45%. Sodium sulfate can be used as an ideal additive for ferruginous laterite ore sample, while which is not suitable for magnesian laterite ore. The effect of calcium fluoride on magnesian laterite ore is remarkable, but it is not obvious for ferruginous laterite ore. It is found that nickel existing state, the iron content as well as the metal particle size obtained by reduction are the main reasons for above differences between the two kinds of ores.
Key words: ferruginous laterite ore; magnesian laterite ore; direct reduction; magnetic separation
