(1. 中南大学 冶金与环境学院，长沙 410083；
2. 中南大学 国家重金属污染防治工程技术研究中心，长沙 410083)
摘 要: 以典型赤泥堆场为研究对象，分析自然环境条件下赤泥堆场的盐分组成变化。结果表明：随着堆存年限的增加，赤泥中盐含量呈降低趋势；CO32-是赤泥中占主导地位的阴离子，约占阴离子组成比例的34.14%~73.26%；赤泥可交换态阳离子及水溶态阳离子以Na+为主，可交换态Na+占可交换态阳离子组成比例60.50%~83.94%，水溶态Na+占水溶态阳离子组成比例71.32%~91.16%；随着堆置年限的增加，赤泥中Ca2+、HCO3-含量升高，而Na+、SO42-、CO32-含量降低，K+、Mg2+含量变化趋势不明显；赤泥中盐含量和SO42-、CO32-、Na+含量呈正相关关系，而与HCO3-、Ca2+、Mg2+含量呈负相关关系。Na+含量和CO32-含量过高是赤泥高盐分含量的主要原因，这为赤泥堆场土壤化处置和植被重建过程中盐分调控提供科学依据。
关键字: 赤泥；赤泥堆场；堆存年限；盐分组成；土壤化
（1. School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China;
2. Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control and Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution,
Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract:Residue samples from different stacking times were collected to investigate the salt composition change with the increasing stacking time in bauxite residue disposal areas (BRDAs). The results show that the salt contents in BRDAs decrease with the increasing stacking time. The dominant anion is CO32-, which accounted for 34.14%-73.26% whilst water- and ammonium acetate-extractable Na+ accounted for 60.50%-83.94% and 71.32%-91.16%. Sodium, CO32- and SO42- concentrations decrease, while HCO3- and Ca2+ concentrations increase, but K+ and Mg2+ concentrations have no obvious changes. The correlations between salt contents and CO32-, SO42-, Na+ concentrations are positive. The relatively high concentrations of Na+ and CO32- contribute to the high salinity in bauxite residue disposal areas, and prevent the potential for the revegetation of bauxite residue.
Key words: bauxite residue; bauxite residue disposal area; stacking age; salt component; soil formation
