(中南大学 资源加工与生物工程学院，长沙 410083)
摘 要: 为了改善油酸钠在低温条件下的捕收性能，通过单矿物浮选试验研究油酸钠体系下不同结构的脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚对白钨矿低温浮选行为的影响，并应用于白钨矿低温浮选实践中。结果表明：油酸钠在低温条件下对白钨矿的捕收能力很差，试验用各脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚对油酸钠的捕收性能均有不同程度的改善，当pH=10、油酸钠用量为60 mg/L时，白钨矿在10 ℃时的浮选回收率仅仅为20%；而当油酸钠与聚氧乙烯醚按照质量比5:1混合使用时，相同油酸钠浓度下白钨矿的浮选回收率最高可达85%，可浮性大大提高。此外，聚氧乙烯醚对油酸钠低温捕收性能的增效程度与其结构密切相关，当疏水基的碳原子个数小于14，且亲水亲油平衡值(HLB)为13~16时，增效效果显著；当HLB值相近时，含支链的聚氧乙烯醚比直链聚氧乙烯醚增效效果好。实际矿石浮选试验表明：MOA-9可以有效提高白钨矿在低温下的可浮性，大大降低捕收剂用量。
关键字: 白钨矿；油酸钠；聚氧乙烯醚；复配体系；低温浮选
（School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract:In order to improve the collecting performance of sodium oleate at low temperatures, the effect of a series of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether with different structures on flotation behavior of scheelite were investigated by single mineral flotation experiments and sucessfully applied in low-temperature flotation practice. The results show that sodium oleate has poor collecting capability to scheelite at low temperature, and all the polyoxyethylene ethers used have varying improvements. When sodium oleate concentration is 60 mg/L at pH=10, the flotation recovery of scheelite at 10 ℃ is only 20%. However, when sodium oleate and polyoxyethylene ether are mixed used with the mass ratio of 5:1, the flotation recovery of scheelite can reach a maximum value of 85%, the floatability greatly increases. In addition, the synergistic degree of polyoxyethylene ether to sodium oleate is closely related to the structure. When the number of carbon atoms in the hydrophobic group is less than 14, and the hydrophile-lipophile balance number (HLB) value is in the range of 13-16, the synergistic effect is remarkable. When the HLB value is close, the synergistic effect of branched polyoxyethylene ether is better than that of linear one. The real ore flotation experimental results show that MOA-9 can effectively increase the floatability of scheelite at low temperature, and significantly decrease the collector dosage, the synergistic effect is remarkable.
Key words: scheelite; sodium oleate; polyoxyethylene ether; compound system; low-temperature flotation
