(中南大学 资源与安全工程学院，长沙 410083)
摘 要: 为解决三山岛金矿充填料浆管道输送过程中存在的高浓度、高倍线、强阻力等技术难题，对三山岛金矿充填料浆展开环管试验，研究高倍线强阻力条件下高浓度充填料浆的管道输送特性。通过测出不同灰沙比条件下不同质量浓度的充填料浆在不同输送速度下的压力损失以及不同停顿时间再次泵送时的启动阻力，得到充填料浆的流变特性。在充填料浆沉降实验和环管试验的基础上，结合非线性牛顿体管道输送理论和计算机流体动态数值分析方法对充填料浆的输送阻力和速度分布进行计算。结果表明：三山岛金矿充填系统采用内径为125 mm的陶瓷复合钢管作为输送管道，灰砂比1:4，质量浓度为72%~78%的充填料浆输送阻力低于5 MPa；随着料浆浓度的提高，其流变模型由屈服伪塑性体逐渐向宾汉体转变；灰砂比为1:10、质量分数为72%的充填料浆输送阻力大于9 MPa，料浆具有典型的固液二相流特征。
关键字: 强阻力；泵送；环管实验；海底开采；流变特征；计算机流体动态
（School of Resources and Safety Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract:In order to solve the existed technical problems in the filling slurry pipeline transportation, such as high mass concentration, high filling times line, strong resistance, the flowing characteristics were studied by pumping looping pipe experiment. The rheological characteristics were analyzed by measuring the date of hydraulic loss and pumping resistance of restarting the pump after different pause times during transporting backfilling slurry with different matching, flux and mass fraction. Combining the results of physical properties experiment and pumping looping pipe experiment with non-Newtonian fluid mechanics, the flow and rheological characteristics of cement classified tailings backfilling slurry with different matching and mass fraction in pipeline transportation were concluded. Fluent was used to calculate the pressure loss and velocity distribution in pipeline. The simulation results show that, when the slurry is transported by ceramic compound steel pipe with inner diameter of 125 mm, the pressure loss of transporting the filling slurry with mass fractions of 72% and 78% and cement-sand ratio of 1:4 are below 5 MPa. The rheological model transforms yield-pseudoplastic model to Bingham model with the improvement of mass fraction. Moreover, the pipeline pressure loss of transporting the filling slurry with mass fractions of 72% and cement-sand ratio of 1:10 is greater than 9 MPa. The flow characteristic of this filling slurry presents typical solid-liquid mixing two phase liquid character. The results provide the theoretical basis and a new design idea for the parameter optimizing in pipeline transportation system to meet the requirements of safety and efficiency mining.
Key words: strong resistance; pipe pumping; pumping looping pipe experiment; undersea mining; rheological characteristic; computational fluid dynamics
