(中南大学 资源与安全工程学院，长沙 410083)
摘 要: 针对泡沫砂浆三相流管道输送特性研究问题，以国内某铅锌矿为研究对象，运用计算流体力学(CFD)技术建立泡沫砂浆W型管长距离管道输送性能研究3D数值分析模型。在室内塌落度和流变特性试验的基础上，对不同配比及不同充填能力料浆输送中管道和弯管处压力、速度进行CFD模拟分析。结果表明：泡沫砂浆三相流可有效降低管道输送阻力，较普通两相流充填砂浆具有更好的流动性；通过弯管处压力、速度模拟可得，管道内压力、速度最大值点由管道中心线向管道内下侧方偏移，弯管处最大速度3.8 m/s，满足稳定性要求；当气泡率为10%、灰砂比为1:6、质量分数为72%、流量为60 m3/h时管道阻力最小为2.33 MPa，弯管处阻力最小为3.22 kPa，满足自流输送要求，为最佳配比方案。CFD技术能够为管道输送研究提供直观准确的依据，在流体流变特性和降阻方法创新方面还有更为广阔的应用空间。
关键字: 泡沫砂浆；W形管；长距离；管道输送特性；计算流体力学；气泡率
（School of Resources and Safety Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract:A three-dimensional model, W type and long distance backfilling pipeline transportation model was developed by the computational fluid dynamics technology (CFD), which was used to study the pipeline transportation properties of three-phase flow foam slurry. Based on the laboratory slump and rheological properties test, the pressure and velocity of pipeline and elbow were studied by CFD under different ratios and backfilling ability. The results show that, the three-phase flow foam slurry can effectively reduce the pipeline transportation resistance and has better liquidity than ordinary slurry. Furthermore, at the elbow, the maximum pressure and velocity transfer to the lower side of the pipe from the pipe center, and the maximum velocity is 3.8 m/s, meeting the stability requirements. The best proportioning scheme is the bubble rate of 10%, the cement sand ratio of 1:6, the mass fraction of 72% and the backfilling ability of 60 m3/h. The resistance at pipeline and elbow are 2.33 and 3.22 kPa, respectively, and it can realize the self-flowing transportation. CFD technology is good at providing intuitive and accurate basis for pipeline transportation research, and would have a wider application space in the study of fluid rheological properties and resistance reduction methods.
Key words: foam slurry; W type pipeline; long distance; transportation property; computational fluid dynamics; bubble rate
