(兰州理工大学 省部共建有色金属先进加工与再利用国家重点实验室，兰州 730050)
摘 要: 在不同温度下对45号钢基材上制备的高铝青铜等离子喷焊层进行热扩散处理，研究喷焊层与基体之间元素扩散对喷焊层组织及摩擦性能的影响。采用OM、XRD、SEM、EDS分析喷焊层表面、界面组织结构及Fe、Al元素界面扩散；采用拉伸法测定喷焊层结合强度；采用销-盘式摩擦磨损试验机测试喷焊层摩擦磨损性能。结果表明:热扩散处理使喷焊层组织成分偏析情况得到改善；喷焊层的冶金结合带变宽，产生明显的元素扩散现象，在650 ℃热扩散处理之后喷焊层结合强度达448.93 MPa；480 ℃热扩散处理后的喷焊层摩擦性能最稳定、磨损量最低，硬、软质相形态分布及Fe元素含量两种摩擦性能影响因素达到有机结合，获得最佳的耐磨减摩性能；喷焊层经热扩散处理后磨损机制均为以磨粒磨损为主，局部存在粘着磨损及疲劳磨损。
关键字: 高铝青铜；组织；性能；热扩散；界面扩散；摩擦；磨损
（State Key Laboratory of Advanced Nonferrous Materials, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China）
Abstract:The phase structure and interface diffusion of ferrum and aluminumin in the plasma welded high Al bronze coatings with three different temperatures of thermal diffusion were investigated by optical microscopy, X-ray diffractometry, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersion spectroscopy. The interface bonding strength was measured by tensile test. The tribological properties were studied by pine-on-disk wear machine. The results show that the microstructure segregation of high Al bronze plasma welding coatings are improved by thermal diffusion process. Thermal diffusion widens the metallurgical layer, and significant element diffusion is observed, the bonding strength reaches 448.93 MPa after thermal diffusion at 650 ℃. The best tribological properties are obtained after thermal diffusion at 480 ℃, which caused by the species distribution of the hard and soft phases and the Fe content. The wear mechanisms are abrasive wear, which is the dominating wear mechanism, fatigue wear and adhesive wear.
Key words: high aluminum bronze; microstructure; property; thermal diffusion; interface diffusion; friction; wear
