(1. 中南大学 资源加工与生物工程学院，长沙 410083;
2. 中南大学 生物冶金教育部重点实验室，长沙 410083)
摘 要: 采用3种中等嗜热微生物:喜温硫杆菌(Acidithiobacillus caldus，A.c)、嗜铁钩端螺旋菌(Leptospirillum ferriphilu，L.f)、嗜热氧化硫化杆菌(Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans，S.t)对黄铜矿精矿进行浸出。探讨浸出过程中的微生物生长优化及搅拌反应器浸出条件优化。微生物最佳生长条件如下:生长温度为45 ℃、初始pH为1.5。驯化过的浸矿细菌的生长及浸出率明显高于未驯化的，驯化后浸出率在矿浆浓度为50 g/L时达到最大，为94.00%;当矿浆浓度达到100 g/L时，铜的浸出率稳定在80%左右。搅拌反应器的最优化浸出条件如下:搅拌速度350 r/min，充气强度500 mL/min。在此条件下，对黄铜矿精矿进行浸出，浸出时间为30 d时，最终铜离子浓度为17.36 g/L，铜的浸出率为85.60%。
关键字: 黄铜矿;中等嗜热菌;生物浸出
（1. School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China;
2. Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy, Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract:The bioleaching of chalcopyrite concentrate in the presence of three different moderate thermophilic bacteria such as Acidithiobacillus caldus (A.c), Leptospirillum ferriphilu (L.f) and Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans (S.t), including the optimal conditions of microbial growth and the optimization of stirred reactor during the bioleaching process, was investigated. The results show that the best growth conditions of bacteria are as follows, temperature of 45 ℃ and initial pH of 1.5. The microbial growth of the domesticated bacteria and the bioleaching rate using them are significantly higher than those of the non-domesticated bacteria. The leaching rate using the domesticated strains reaches the maximum 94.00% with the pulp density of 50 g/L. The leaching rate of copper stabilizes at about 80% when the pulp density reaches 100 g/L. The optimal parameters of stirred reactors are as follows:stirring speed of 350 r/min and aeration intensity of 500 mL/min. The final concentration of copper ions is 17.36 g/L and the leaching rate of copper is 85.60% for the chalcopyrite bioleaching for 30 d under these conditions.
Key words: chalcopyrite; moderate thermophilic bacteria; bioleaching
