(1. 中南大学 资源加工与生物工程学院，长沙410083;
2. 中南大学 生物冶金教育部重点实验室，长沙410083)
摘 要: 采用微生物浸出技术，选用4种中度嗜热浸矿菌:嗜铁钩端螺旋菌(Leptospirillum ferriphilum)，嗜酸喜温硫杆菌(Acidithiobacillus caldus)，嗜热硫氧化硫化杆菌(Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans)和嗜热嗜酸铁质菌(Ferroplasma thermophilum)，作为混合菌回收废弃线路板分选尾渣中的金属铜。通过摇瓶浸出实验，研究混合菌在不同浓度分选尾渣中的浸出过程，并探究初始pH、初始Fe2+质量浓度、培养温度及粉末粒径对铜浸出的影响;并将优化条件应用至3L搅拌槽中，实现浸出体系的扩大。结果表明:摇瓶驯化过程中，混合菌种在分选尾渣中的生长情况较好，且能实现金属铜的有效浸出;在优化参数为初始pH 1.5、ρ(Fe2+) 1 g/L、45 ℃条件下的放大实验中，浸出至第7 d时，铜浸出率最高达到93.09%。
关键字: 微生物浸出;混合菌种;废弃线路板分选尾渣;铜浸出率
（1. School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China;
2. Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy, Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract:According to micro-bioleaching technology, four moderately thermoacidphilic strains, i.e., Leptospirillum ferriphilum, Acidithiobacillus caldus, Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans and Ferroplasma thermophilum, were used as mixed culture to recover copper from nonmetal slags, which was separated from waste printed circuit boards(WPCBs) by water power shaker. Firstly, the bioleaching experiments with different concentration of nonmetal slags in shake flasks were carried out. Then, the effects of initial pH, initial Fe2+ concentration, incubation temperature and particle size on the bioleaching were investigated. Finally, under the optimized conditions, the bioleaching experiment was conducted in a stirred tank with volume of 3L to achieve system amplified. The results show that the growth of mixed culture is good in the existence of nonmetal slags. Besides, under the conditions of initial pH 1.5, initial ρ(Fe2+) 1 g/L and 45 ℃, 93.09% copper recovery is achieved in 7 d in the amplified system.
Key words: micro-bioleaching; mixed culture; waste printed circuit boards separated slags; copper recovery
