(东华理工大学核工程与地球物理学院核资源与环境省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地，南昌330013)
摘 要: 采用液相还原法制备纳米零价铁(nZVI)去除溶液中的U(Ⅵ)，讨论溶液pH与离子强度、共存阴阳离子和腐殖酸对去除效果的影响，并对nZVI进行表征研究，分析纳米零价铁去除U(Ⅵ)的机理。结果表明：纳米零价铁对溶液中的U(Ⅵ)有很好的去除效果，pH值对去除效果有显著影响，而离子强度对纳米零价铁去除U(Ⅵ)几乎没有影响。阳离子对铀的去除有一定的影响，其中Ca2+和Mg2+的影响较大，而Na+和K+几乎没有影响。阴离子对纳米零价铁去除U(Ⅵ)也有一定的影响，其影响顺序由大到小依次为NO3-、SO42-、ClO4-、CO32-、HPO42-。腐殖酸对纳米零价铁去除溶液中U(Ⅵ)在pH≤4.5时有明显的促进作用；当pH＞4.5以后，腐殖酸对纳米零价铁去除U(Ⅵ)具有明显的抑制作用。
关键字: 纳米零价铁；离子强度；阴离子；阳离子；腐殖酸；铀
（Environment and Fundamental Science on Radioactive Geology and Exploration Technology Laboratory,
School of Nuclear Engineering and Geophysics, East China Institute of Technology, Nanchang 330013, China）
Abstract:The nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI), synthesized in aqueous solutions by reduction method, was used to removeU(Ⅵ) from aqueous solutions. The effects of pH and ion strength, HA, anions and cations on removal of U(Ⅵ) were investigated. The results show that nZVI has very good removal efficiency on U(Ⅵ), pH value has obvious effect on removal of U(Ⅵ), but the ion strength has nearly no effect on the removal of U(Ⅵ). Anion has certain effect, Ca2+and Mg2+ has obvious effect, but Na+ and K+ has no effect. The important influence ordinal of cations on removal of U(Ⅵ) by nZVI from big to small are NO3-, SO42-, ClO4-, CO32-, HPO42-. The presence of humic acid (HA) enhances observably the removal of U(Ⅵ) by nZVI at pH≤4.5, but reduces the removal of U(Ⅵ) at pH＞4.5.
Key words: nanoscale zero-valent iron; ionic strength; anion; cation; humic acid; uranium
