(1. 兰州理工大学理学院，兰州 730050；
2. 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所固体润滑国家重点实验室，兰州 730000)
摘 要: 采用微弧氧化(MAO)技术，通过在硅酸盐电解液中加入NH4VO3，在铝合金表面制备黑色陶瓷膜。利用分光光度计、热震试验评价黑色膜层的光吸收性能以及与铝合金基体的结合状况，采用扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)研究黑色膜层的生长过程。结果表明：黑色微弧氧化膜层具有优异的吸光性能，但抗热震性能较差，表层易发生剥落。黑色膜层的生长过程可分为两个阶段：前期以基体的氧化为主，得到的膜层颜色较浅，与基体结合紧密；而后期以电解液中化合物的沉积为主，膜层颜色加深，并与前期生长的膜层发生分层，导致膜层的结合力变差。
关键字: 铝合金；微弧氧化；黑色陶瓷膜；生长过程
（1. School of Science, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China;
2. State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China）
Abstract:The black ceramic coatings were prepared on Al alloys by micro-arc oxidation (MAO) in silicate electrolyte containing NH4VO3. The optical property and adhesion strength of the coatings were studied by spectrophotometer and thermal shock test. The forming process of the coatings was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS). The results show that the black ceramic coatings have high light absorptance, but poor adhesion strength, the surface layer is easy to peel off. The forming process of black PEO coatings can be divided into two phases. At first, the oxidation of substrate plays a predominant role, forming a thin layer of alumina which appears gray and adheres well to the substrate. And then, the compound deposition in the electrolyte play a leading role. The color of coating is further deepen, and the delamination is occurred with the previous coating, which leading to deterioration of adhesion.
Key words: aluminium alloy; micro-arc oxidation; black ceramic coating; forming process
