(1. 北京有色金属研究总院生物冶金国家工程实验室，北京 100080；
2. 中国有色金属工业协会，北京 100814)
摘 要: 在对黄铜矿、黄铁矿晶体结构差异性分析的基础上，研究在相同生物浸出条件下晶体结构对两矿物浸出速率及浸矿用菌种群落演替规律的影响，并对其产生原因进行分析。结果表明：黄铜矿晶胞中单位结构基元内不同结合方式原子间浸出难易程度不同，导致黄铜矿生物浸出速率随浸出时间的延长而不断降低；黄铁矿晶胞内各原子间结合方式单一，因而其浸出速率基本稳定。两矿物浸出过程中浸矿用菌种群落演替规律存在差异，在黄铜矿生物浸出过程中，Leptospirillum ferriphilum (L.f)由优势菌(占98%以上)转为劣势菌(占37%)；在黄铁矿生物浸出过程中，L.f始终为优势菌(占90%以上)。由于L.f对Fe2+供应较敏感，因而两矿物晶体结构不同所决定的Fe2+供应差异是浸矿用菌种群落演替差异产生的根本原因。
关键字: 晶体结构；黄铜矿；黄铁矿；生物浸出；差异性
（1.National Engineering Laboratory of Biohydrometallurgy,
General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals, Beijing 100080, China;
2. China Nonferrous Metals Industry Association, Beijing 100814, China）
Abstract:Theeffects of the crystal structure of chalcopyrite and pyrite on the of leaching rate and bacteria community succession of these two minerals bioleached under the same conditions were investigatedon the basis of the analysis of the crystal structure.The results show that the leaching rate of chalcopyrite decreases with the increase of time, which is caused by the different leaching difficulty levels as the different bonding forms between different atoms in the structural motif of chalcopyrite cell.As the atoms in the pyrite cell have the same bonding form,so the leaching rate is basically steady.There is a difference of bacteria community succession between these minerals bioleaching process,Leptospirillum ferriphilum (L.f) changes from advantage bacterium (more than 98%) to disadvantage bacterium (account for 37%) in chalcopyrite bioleaching process,while L.f is always the dominant bacterium (more than 90%)in pyrite bioleaching process.As Fe2+ has a great influence on the growth and multiplication of L.f, so the different crystal structures which lead to the Fe2+ supply difference arethe primary reason of bacterial species succession difference between these minerals.
Key words: crystal structure;chalcopyrite;pyrite;bioleaching;otherness
