(1. 中南大学 资源加工与生物工程学院，长沙 410083；
2. 中南大学 生物冶金教育部重点实验室，长沙 410083)
摘 要: 综述微生物胞外多聚物的关键组分-藻酸盐的合成途径、结构特征和作用机制，尤其分析了其在生物浸出过程中可能的作用机理；描述了研究藻酸盐的方法和技术手段，包括藻酸盐的提取及成分分析方法、藻酸盐相关合成基因的定量分析方法以及藻酸盐的原位观察和检测方法。这些都将为研究生物浸出过程中藻酸盐的结构及其作用机理提供非常重要的理论依据和方法支撑。
关键字: 胞外多聚物；藻酸盐；生物浸出；作用机理
（1. School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China;
2. Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy, Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract:The key components of microorganisms extracellular polymers alginate synthesis pathway, structure characteristics and action mechanism, especially, the potential mechanism in the process of biological leaching were summarized. Then, the research methods and technical means of alginate, including the extraction and composition analysis method, the quantitative analysis method of genes related to alginate synthesis and in situ observation and test methods of alginate, were described. All of these will provide important theoretical basis and method support for the structure and action mechanism of alginate.
Key words: extracellular polymeric substances; alginate; bioleaching; action mechanism
