(1. 北京有色金属研究总院 生物冶金国家工程实验室，北京 100088；
2. 江西省科学院 生物资源研究所，南昌 330096)
摘 要: 测试微生物浸出液萃取过程中界面乳化物生成率。采用相差显微镜观察乳化液显微结构，并对萃后有机相进行吸收曲线和红外光谱检测，研究硫化镍钴矿微生物浸出液在萃取过程中界面乳化的原因。结果表明：微生物浸出液在萃取除杂过程中界面乳化物生成率随萃取次数的增加而增加。界面乳化物中含有黄钾铁矾、二氧化硅和细菌等物质，并且有机相结构发生变化，红外光谱结果显示有机相P—O—H键吸收峰消失，吸收曲线测试发现370 nm处出现了吸收峰。萃取过程中P204的P—O—H键断裂并与铁离子结合形成了配合物。在微生物浸出液中，固体微粒、浸矿细菌的累积以及有机相结构变化导致了界面乳化物的形成。
关键字: 界面乳化物；固体微粒；细菌；红外光谱
（1. National Engineering Laboratory of Bio-hydrometallurgy, General Research Institute of Nonferrous Metals,
Beijing 100088, China;
2. Institute of Biological Resources, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang 330096, China）
Abstract:The production rate of interfacial crud was evaluated during the extraction process of bioleaching. The emulsion microstructure was observed by phase contrast microscopy, and the organic phase after extraction was studied by absorption curve and IR analysis. The formation reason of interfacial crud in nickel and cobalt sulfide ore bioleaching during the extraction process was investigated. The results show that the product rate of interfacial crud increases with increasing cycle times. The interfacial crud contains jarosite, silica and bacterial. And the organic phase structure changes, IR results show that the characteristic absorption peak of P—O—H bond in the organic phase disappears, and the adsorption curve shows a new adsorption peak appears at 370 nm. The P—O—H bond of P204 breaks and combines with Fe3+ to form a complexes in the extraction process. The micro-solid particles, cumulative leaching bacteria and organic phase with changed structure lead to the formation of interfacial crud in microbial leaching solution.
Key words: interfacial crud; solid particle; bacteria; infrared spectrum
