(上海航天技术研究院 空间电源研究所，上海 200245)
摘 要: 熔盐电解质锂电池在激活后由于自放电导致容量发生衰减，采用LiF-LiCl-LiBr低温共熔盐电解质，以二硫化铁为正极材料，分别以锂硅合金和锂硼合金作为负极材料制备单体电池，在500 ℃的温度下进行恒流放电试验。通过改变单体电池的工作电流可控制电池放电时间，并得到单体电池在经历不同工作时间后获得的可利用电容量。并将单体电池的工作时间和可利用电容量经一次线性回归分析。结果发现，使用锂硅合金作为负极材料时，电池的容量衰减率为40.6 C/min；而使用锂硼合金作为负极材料时，电池的容量衰减率仅为15.5 C/min。
关键字: 熔盐电解质锂电池；自放电；锂硼合金；锂硅合金
（Shanghai Academy of Space Lighted Technology, Institute of Space Power Sources, Shanghai 200245, China）
Abstract:The capacity decay occurs due to the self-discharge after activation in the molten salt electrolyte lithium batteries. Using LiF-LiCl-LiBr molten salts as electrolyte and FeS2 as cathode material, the lithium-silicon alloy and lithium-boron alloy as anode material to prepare single cells, which was then discharged at constant currents and 500 ℃. The working time of the single cells can be adjusted simply by varying the discharge current, the change of the available capacity is obtained. The working time and the measured capacity were analyzed by unary linear regression. The results show that the rate of the capacity loss is 40.6 C/min when lithium-silicon alloy is used as anode material, which is only 15.5 C/min when lithium-boron alloy is used as anode material.
Key words: molten salt electrolyte lithium battery; self-discharge; lithium-boron alloy; lithium-silicon alloy
