(1. 广州有色金属研究院 资源综合利用研究所，广州 510650;
2. 广州有色金属研究院 稀有金属分离与综合利用国家重点实验室，广州 510650)
摘 要:
关键字: 稀土粗精矿；浸出；酸化；浸出率
（1. Department of Resource Comprehensive Utilization, Guangzhou Research Institute of Non-ferrous Metals,
Guangzhou 510650, China;
2. State Key Laboratory of Separation and Comprehensive Utilization of Rare Metals,
Guangzhou Research Institute of Non-ferrous Metals, Guangzhou 510650, China）
Abstract:A decomposition process for two rare earth rough concentrates obtained by physical and chemical floatation at low temperature was investigated. The effects of ratio of acid to concentrate (mass ratio of sulfuric acid to RE concentrate), acidification duration, acidification temperature and liquid-to-solid ratio on the leaching rate of rare earth concentrates were investigated by the orthogonal test and single factor test. The results show that mass ratio of concentrate to acid, acidification duration and acidification temperature have significant effects on the leaching rate of the rare earth concentrates, and the optimum conditions are as follows: mass ratio of concentrate to acid of concentrates Ⅰ and Ⅱ are 1.8:1 and 0.9:1, respectively, durations of concentrates Ⅰ and Ⅱ are 2.0 and 3.0 h, respectively, temperatures are both 150 ℃. Under the optimized leaching conditions, the rare earth leaching rates of concentrates Ⅰ and Ⅱ are 90.42% and 91.35%, respectively. The process mineralogy of automatic quantitative mineral technology MLA was used to test the decomposed residues of the two concentrates in order to find out the influencing factors on rare earth leaching rate, and the results prove that it is the critical influence on rare earth leaching rate that rare earth and calcium sulfate form the complex insoluble sulfate.
Key words: rare earth rough concentrate; leaching; acidification; leaching rate
