(北京有色金属研究总院 生物冶金国家工程实验室，北京 100088)
摘 要: 采用XRD、XPS和MLA等检测研究海相火山岩型黄铜矿及斑岩型黄铜矿化学浸出的差异性。结果表明：在化学浸出过程中，海相火山岩型黄铜矿与斑岩型黄铜矿浸出特性有很大的差异，这是由于两种黄铜矿表面形成中间产物的性质不同。两种黄铜矿化学浸出的产物除单质硫S8之外，还有非化学计量的中间产物Cu3.5Fe4S2.5、Cu5Fe4S及Cu3.5Fe1.5S5生成。海相火山岩型黄铜矿的中间产物以Cu3.5Fe4S2.5为主，斑岩型黄铜矿的中间产物以Cu3.5Fe1.5S5为主。海相火山岩型黄铜矿与斑岩型黄铜矿具有不同的溶解途径：海相火山岩型黄铜矿受到H+的腐蚀后矿物中的Cu—S断裂，Cu2+与Fe2+同时溶解，而斑岩型黄铜矿受到H+腐蚀后Fe2+优先溶解。
关键字: 海相火山岩型黄铜矿；斑岩型黄铜矿；化学浸出；中间产物
（National Engineering Laboratory of Biohydrometallury,
General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals, Beijing 100088, China）
Abstract:The chemical leaching different characteristics of chalcopyrite with different genetic types (marine volcanic and porphyry) were investigated by XRD, XPS and MLA analysis. The results show that the difference between marine volcanic chalcopyrite and porphyry chalcopyrite during chemical leaching is generated by intermediate formed on the surface of chalcopyrite with different chemical and structural properties. Nonstoichiometric intermediate products, such as Cu3.5Fe4S2.5, Cu5Fe4S and Cu3.5Fe1.5S5, also form during two kinds of chalcopyrite leaching, besides sulphur S8. The main intermediate product of marine volcanic chalcopyrite is Cu3.5Fe4S2.5, while Cu3.5Fe1.5S5 is mainly in porphyry chalcopyrite. The leaching mechanism of marine volcanic chalcopyrite and porphyry chalcopyrite is different. During the leaching process of marine volcanic chalcopyrite, Cu2+ and Fe2+ are dissolved simultaneously after the broken of Cu—S bond attacked by proton. However, Fe2+ dissolves preferentially after the porphyry chalcopyrite is corroded by H+.
Key words: marine volcanic chalcopyrite; porphyry chalcopyrite; chemical leaching; intermediate
