(昆明贵金属研究所 贵研铂业股份有限公司 稀贵金属综合利用新技术国家重点实验室，昆明 650106)
摘 要: 研究固态还原铁捕集法回收铂族金属二次资源。结果表明：在铁精矿与铂族金属二次物料质量比为1.5:1，还原温度1220 ℃，还原时间6 h，还原剂配比9%，添加剂配比10%的条件下所得产物经湿式磁选，获得含铂族金属铁粉，其中Pt、Pd和Rh含量分别为110.4、27.3和52.1 g/t，Pt、Pd和Rh回收率分别为98.6%、91.7%和97.6%。该过程的机理主要在于固态还原过程中微量铂族金属优先转化为原子态或原子团簇，与新生金属Fe中自由电子键合在一起，同时，新生γ-Fe与Pt，Pd和Rh具有相同的晶体结构和相近的晶胞参数，从而形成合金；铁氧化物还原为Fe，Fe原子通过扩散方式凝聚在一起形成晶核粒子，Fe晶粒不断聚集长大，还原产物通过球磨磁选分离，实现铂族金属的回收。
关键字: 铂族金属；固态还原；铁捕集；回收
（Kunming Institue of Precious Metals, Sino-platinum Metals Co., Ltd., State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies for Comprehensive Utilization of Platinum Metals, Kunming 650106, China）
Abstract:The recovery of platinum group metal (PGM) secondary resource by iron trapping method based on solid state was investigated. The results show that a iron powder with 110.4 g/t Pt, 27.3 g/t Pd and 52.1 g/t Rh, and Pt, Pd, Rh recovery rates of 98.6%, 91.7% and 97.6%, respectively, is obtained, under the conditions of mass ratio of iron concentrate to PGM secondary resource 1.5:1, reducing temperature 1220 ℃, time 6 h, reductant ratio 9% and additive ratio 10%. The mechanism is that, during the reduction process, trace PGM transforms to atomic state or atomic cluster and bonds with free electrons in new iron metal. New γ-Fe is the same crystal structure and similar crystal cell parameters with Pt, Pd and Rh and forms alloys. The iron atom keeps together and forms crystal nucleus particle by diffusion way, the crystal grain grows up, and reduced product is performed to ball grinding-magnetic separation, realizing PGM recovery.
Key words: platinum group metal; solid state reduction; iron trapping; recovery
