(1. 中南大学 能源科学与工程学院，长沙 410083；
2. 中国铝业股份有限公司 郑州研究院，郑州 450041)
摘 要: 应用欧拉双流体模型和氧化铝组分输运模型相结合的方法，考虑阳极气泡影响的修正k–ε湍流模型，并引入合适的氧化铝溶解和消耗函数，对铝电解槽熔体内氧化铝输运过程中的阳极气体–电解质气液两相流进行数值模拟。结果表明：气体作用力和电磁力共同作用对电解质流场有重要影响；气体作用在局部位置对氧化铝浓度的均匀分布有一定的效果，而电磁力作用可以更好地将氧化铝快速输运到全槽区域；氧化铝浓度分布呈周期状态变化，且该周期状态变化与初始浓度无关；下料点位置应布置在阳极间缝与中缝的交叉位置以及流场大漩涡流线的边缘处，这将有利于氧化铝快速溶解，并随电解质运动将氧化铝输运到全槽区域，使氧化铝浓度快速达到均匀。
关键字: 铝电解槽；气液两相流；氧化铝浓度分布；数值模拟
（1. School of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China;
2. Zhengzhou Research Institute, Aluminum Corporation of China Limited, Zhengzhou 450041, China）
Abstract:The anode gas/electrolyte two-phase flow occurring during the transport process of alumina in the melts of aluminum reduction cells was simulated numerically by using an Euler-Euler two-fluid model coupled with a transport equation for alumina concentration. A modified k–ε turbulence model was used to describe the liquid phase turbulence in the simulation by assuming the pseudo turbulence resulted from anodic gas. The effects of alumina dissolution and consumption were involved in the alumina transport equation. The simulated results show that both anode gas forces and electromagnetic forces (EMFs) have a significant impact on the bath flow field. The anode gas forces have certain effect on the uniform alumina distribution in some local positions, but the EMFs have a wider range of influence and promote the transport process in alumina in the whole cell quickly. The concentration distribution can reach a periodic state, and this final periodic state is independent of the initial condition. The feeding points should be located at the intersection positions of central channel and inter-anode channel as well as the edge of the large vortex streamlines to speed up the dissolution and transport process of alumina, resulting in the more uniform alumina distribution.
Key words: aluminum reduction cells; gas-liquid two-phase flow; alumina concentration distribution; numerical simulation
