(1. 河南科技大学 材料科学与工程学院,洛阳 471023;
2. 有色金属共性技术河南省协同创新中心,洛阳 471023;
3. 伊川电力集团总公司,伊川 471312)
摘 要: 为了获取铝电解碳素阴极材料的蠕变数据和Burgers 模型参数,在965 ℃及电解状态下,对现行工业中使用的3 种铝电解碳素阴极材料(半石墨质、全石墨质和石墨化)进行单轴压缩蠕变实验,采用Burgers 模型对阴极材料黏弹性行为进行分析。利用Origin8.5 软件对Burgers 模型参数进行拟合,得到碳素阴极材料的黏弹性方程。结果表明:Burgers 模型能较好地反映碳素阴极材料在单轴压缩应力作用下的黏弹特性,阴极材料石墨化程度越高,Burgers 模型参数E1、E2、η2 和η1 值越大,材料的抗蠕变能力越强。在电解过程中,钠和电解质破坏阴极材料结构,Burgers 模型参数E1、E2、η2 和η1 值变小,材料的抗蠕变能力变差。所获结果可为掌握阴极材料在外力作用下的蠕变规律、实现对电解槽生产运行过程中阴极变形的调控和电解槽寿命预测提供技术参考。
关键字: 铝电解;碳素阴极材料;蠕变;Burgers 模型
(1. College of Materials Science and Engineering,Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang 471023,China;
2. Collaborative Innovation Center of Nonferrous Metals Henan Province,Luoyang 471023,China;
3. Yichuan Power Group Corporation,Yichuan 471312,China)
Abstract:In order to obtain the creep data and Burgers model parameters for various industrial cathode products,uniaxial compression creep tests were carried out using a modified Rapoport equipment for carbon cathode materials under high temperature (965 ℃) and electrolysis conditions. The testing samples were taken from three typical industrial cathode blocks: semi-graphitic,full graphitic and graphitized carbon products. The viscoelasticity of the cathode materials was analyzed separately with Burgers model. After fitting the model parameters with Origin8.5 software,the constitutive equation of carbon cathode viscoelasticity was obtained. The results indicate that Burgers model can well reflect the viscoelasticity of the carbon cathodes. And the higher the graphitization of cathode materials is,the larger the Burgers model parameters E1,E2,η1 and η2 are,and the stronger the resistance to the creep deformation is. As the cathode material structure is damaged by the metallic sodium and the electrolyte,the Burgers model parameters E1,E2,η1 and η2 become smaller,and the resistance to the creep deformation of the cathode material gets worse. The obtained data will be useful for understanding the creep rule and better quality control in cathode deformation and the cell service life prediction in the production.
Key words: aluminum electrolysis; carbon cathode; creep; Burgers model