(1. 承德钢铁集团有限公司 钒钛工程技术研究中心，承德 067102；
2. 中国科学院 过程工程研究所 湿法冶金清洁生产技术国家工程实验室，北京 100190)
摘 要: 针对有毒的提钒尾渣及含钒钢渣年排放量巨大、无法综合利用的问题，研究含钒炉渣回收钒的过程机理。SEM分析结果表明，提钒尾渣中的钒集中赋存于赤铁矿相(Fe2O3)和铁板钛矿相 (Fe2TiO5)中，同时也有一部分赋存于含Si锥辉石相(NaFe(SiO3)2)中；钢渣中的钒则主要赋存在硅酸二钙、硅酸三钙、铁酸钙相中和自由氧化物。根据四价钒和五价钒具有碱溶性的特性，得出提钒尾渣中92%的钒和钢渣中94%的钒是碱溶性的。通过温度和碱浓度对含钒炉渣物相的影响实验得知，温度对硅酸盐相的破坏作用显著，碱浓度与硅酸盐相的分解率呈线性增加的关系。通过NaOH介质水热过程分解含钒炉渣，钒的浸出率高于90%。
关键字: 含钒尾渣；钢渣；机理；湿法冶金
（1. Research Center of Vanadium and Titanium Engineering Technology,
Chengde Iron and Steel Group Co., Ltd., Chengde 067102, China;
2. National Engineering Laboratory for Hydrometallurgical Cleaner Production Technology,
Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China）
Abstract:At present, the emission amounts of toxic vanadium tailings and vanadium-bearing converter slags are enormous, and the vanadium-bearing slags cannot be utilized synthetically, the recycling mechanism of vanadium from vanadium-bearing slags was researched. SEM analysis shows that vanadium in vanadium tailings mainly exists in Fe2O3 and Fe2TiO5 phases, also, some are embedded in acmite phase (NaFe(SiO3)2). And, the vanadium in converter slags mainly shows in Ca2SiO4, Ca3SiO5, Ca2Fe2O5 phases and freedom oxides. According to the tetravalent and pentavalent vanadium with alkali-soluble property, it is inferred that above 92% vanadium in vanadium tailings and 94% vanadium in vanadium-bearing converter slags are alkali soluble. Through the influence experiments of temperature and alkali concentration on vanadium-bearing slags phase, it can be obtained that the decomposition of silicate is affected obviously by temperature, and the regulation of silicates decomposition rate with alkali concentration is linear. In conclusion, the more than 90% vanadium can be leached by hydrothermal process in NaOH medium.
Key words: vanadium-bearing tailings; converter slags; mechanism; hydrometallurgy
