(1. 河海大学 浅水湖泊综合治理与资源开发教育部重点实验室，南京 210098；
2. 河海大学 环境学院，南京 210098)
摘 要: 针对氧化亚铁硫杆菌生物(T. f)淋滤法处理重金属污染底泥进行实验研究。采用分批摇床培养方法，分析生物淋滤过程中Fe2+浓度对底泥酸化、微生物生长、Fe2+氧化以及底泥中重金属溶出率的影响；借助Monod方程得到不同Fe2+浓度下氧化亚铁硫杆菌的最大比生长速率及饱和常数；通过经验方程推导出不同Fe2+浓度下重金属离子Cu2+和Zn2+的溶出速率常数。结果表明，当Fe2+浓度由2.0 g/L增加到10.0 g/L时，氧化亚铁硫杆菌的最大比生长速率由0.126 h-1上升到0.159 h-1，饱和常数由0.881 g/L下降到0.327 g/L，重金属的溶出速率常数与Fe2+浓度呈正相关；当Fe2+浓度超过10.0 g/L时，氧化亚铁硫杆菌的最大比生长速率降低，而饱和常数增大。随着Fe2+浓度的增加Fe2+氧化速率增大。综合各个动力学参数可知，Fe2+浓度为10.0 g/L是生物淋滤体系的最佳底物浓度。
关键字: 重金属；氧化亚铁硫杆菌；生物淋滤；动力学
（1. Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lake of
Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China;
2. College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China）
Abstract:The bioleaching kinetics of heavy metal from contaminated sediment was studied by batch experiments with Thiobacillus ferrooxidans (T. f). The effects of Fe2+ concentrations on the sediment acidification, the growth of T. f, Fe2+ oxidation, and solubilization ratio of heavy metal during the bioleaching process were investigated. Monod equation was used to derive the maximum specific growth rate and the saturation constant of the T. f with different Fe2+ concentrations. An empirical equation was also used to derive the rate constants of heavy metal ions (Cu2+ and Zn2+) solubilization with different Fe2+ concentrations. The results show that when Fe2+ concentration increases from 2.0 g/L to 10.0 g/L the maximum specific growth rate of T. f increases from 0.129 h-1 to 0.159 h-1, the saturation constant reduces from 0.881 g/L to 0.327 g/L and the rate constant of heavy metals solubilization is linearly dependent on the Fe2+ concentrations. When Fe2+ concentrations is over 10.0 g/L, the maximum specific growth rate of the T. f reduces, while the saturation constant increases. The Fe2+ oxidation rates increase with increasing the Fe2+ concentrations. Taking all the kinetics parameters into account, the optimal concentration of Fe2+ is found to be 10.0 g/L.
Key words: heavy metal; Thiobacillus ferrooxidans; bioleaching; kinetics
